空间Krammers-Kronig非均匀吸波媒质理论与实验研究

传统电磁波吸收材料及人工媒质吸波材料只能对垂直入射电磁波实现完美匹配吸收，其吸波效率随入射角度增大快速降低。计算电磁学领域的完美匹配层（Perfectly matched layer）吸波材料可以完美匹配吸收任意角度入射的电磁波，但其光轴方向具有的增益特性使其几乎不可物理实现。本项目拟基于申请人的前期研究成果，利用空间Krammers-Kronig非均匀媒质的全角度完美匹配吸波特性及人工媒质色散控制理论，研究构造与自由空间匹配的宽带空间Krammers-Kronig非均匀人工媒质的方法，物理实现微波频段可等效为“黑体”的全极化、全角度完美匹配吸波材料实验样品，并对其电磁特性展开相关的实验研究。这种完美电磁波吸收材料可直接用于雷达隐形、电磁屏蔽、电磁抗干扰等领域，具有重要的科学研究意义及工程应用价值。

Traditional electromagnetic wave absorbing materials and metamaterial absorbers can only work with perfect absorption under normal incidences, whose absorption efficiencies will dramatically decrease with the increasing of incident angles. The perfectly matched layer in computational Electromagnetics can perfectly absorb incident waves from all directions with omnidirectionally perfectly matched impedance. However, the necessary requirement of gain element in its optical axis direction make itself almost impossible to be physically realized. In this project, based on the applicant's previous research，we will study the construction of broadband spatial Krammers-Kronig inhomogeneous medium with perfectly matched impedance with free space by combining the omnidirectionally perfectly matched absorbing characteristics of spatial Krammers-Kronig medium and metamaterial theory, for physically achieving polarization-independent and omnidirectionally perfectly matched microwave absorbing material samples with the same electromagnetic response of “black body”. Their electromagnetic properties will be experimentally investigated. These ideal absorbing material can be directly used in radar stealth technology, electromagnetic shielding and electromagnetic antijamming, with significant values in scientific research and important application values for practical engineering.