全参数完美匹配层的人工实现

在物理学中，“黑体”（Black body）是可以完美吸收任意频率、任意极化和任意入射角度电磁波的假想媒质。在电磁学中，“完美匹配层”（PML：Perfectly matched layer）具有相同的电磁波吸收特性，其中单轴PML最具代表性。PML具有Non-Maxwellian的本构参数张量，与理想黑体一样只能由数学定义，在自然界中并不存在。本项目基于申请人的前期研究成果，拟结合人工媒质的材料色散可以精确控制的机理及有源人工媒质的增益补偿特性，研究获得严格满足单轴PML本构参数模型的等效媒质的原理和方法，物理实现微波频段的PML实验样品，并对其电磁特性开展相关的实验研究。利用人工方法物理实现具有等效黑体或PML电磁响应的等效媒质具有重要的科学意义，同时在新体制的有源电磁吸收材料、电磁兼容及电磁隐身等领域有着潜在的重要应用。

In Physics, the "black body" is an idealized material that absorbs all incident electromagnetic radiation without any reflection, regardless of frequency, angle of incidence or polarization. In Electromagnetics, the perfectly matched layer (PML) possesses the same property as a black body of which the uniaxial PML is the most representative one. PMLs do not naturally exist due to their non-Maxwellian constitutive parameter tensors, which can only be defined mathematically. In this project, based on this applicant's previous research, the specific theory and method for the artificial realization of effective medium with constitutive parameters strictly satisfying the uniaxial PML model will be studied. By combining the characteristic of controllable dispersion of conventional metamaterial and the gain-assistance property of active medium, experimental microwave PML samples can be implemented to investigate their electromagnetic properties. The physical realization of artificial PMLs having similar response of a black body or a PMLhas scientific significance, which can find a wide range of potential applications such as new-principle active absorption, EMC and electromagnetic invisibility.