黄土高原广泛发育的黄土洞穴虽然数量众多，但规模较小，传统中低分辨率影像和地形数据已难以满足精细化灾害研究需求。高分辨率影像和地形数据缺乏是制约黄土洞穴空间格局和发育规律研究的关键。本项目以黄土洞穴极为发育的会宁县孙家岔沟为研究区，在前期无人机调查基础上，利用GIS开展精细化灾害解译、编目与制图，运用GIS空间分析、数理统计分析、数字地形分析、野外调查等方法，提取黄土洞穴形态学特征，拟合其特征参数与频率、深度的数学关系，分析其发育的影响因素，揭示其地表空间分布规律；通过开展野外原位试验、地球物理勘探、样品采集与实验室分析、物理模型试验与数值模拟，探明黄土洞穴地下结构与分布规律，阐明其发育对边坡稳定性和小流域地貌演化影响，总结黄土灾害链形成和演化的典型模式，揭示黄土洞穴的环境灾害效应。本项目研究不仅对黄土高原小流域地质灾害综合治理具有重要意义，而且为丰富地质灾害与地貌演化相关理论提供科学基础。

Although there are a large number of loess caves in the Loess Plateau, due to their small scale, traditional low-resolution images and topographic data are difficult to meet the needs of fine researches on geo-hazards. The lack of high-resolution images and topographic data is a key factor that restricts the research of spatial patterns and developmental regulars of loess caves. By taking the Sunjiacha Gully (Huining County, Gansu Province) as the study area, adopting GIS software to precisely interpret, catalog disasters and mapping on the basis of the preliminary investigation with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and using GIS spatial analysis, mathematical-statistical analysis, digital terrain analysis, and field investigation as a set of methods, the object is to extract the morphological characteristics of loess caves, fit the mathematical relationships among characteristic parameters, frequency, and depth, analyze the influencing factors of loess caves development, and reveal the spatial distribution regulars of loess caves. This research will ascertain the underground structure and the distribution of loess caves, illuminate the influence of loess cave on slope stability and geomorphic evolution in a small watershed, summarize the typical patterns of formation and evolution about loess disaster chains, reveal the environmental disaster effects of loess caves by in-situ field tests, geophysical exploration, sample collection and laboratory analysis, physical model tests and numerical simulation. This research is not only of great significance to the comprehensive treatment of geo-hazards in a small watershed of Loess Plateau, but also provides a scientific basis for enriching the related theories of geohazards and geomorphic evolution in the Loess Plateau.