调控高分子胶体形状、组分和相互作用构建新型非晶固体材料

以高分子胶体颗粒作为基本单元的非晶软物质材料近年来在基础（比如玻璃化转变现象）和应用（比如利用胶体凝胶构筑自修复材料）科学研究中都受到广泛的重视。当前的化学合成与制备技术已经可以对高分子胶体形状、组分和相互作用进行灵活多变的调控，但如何有效地同时引入三种物理因素到同一胶体系统实现多样化的非晶液-固和固-固转变，构建具有新颖动力学行为的非晶固体材料，仍缺乏理性的指导。本项目拟采用非线性朗之万方程理论和计算机模拟相结合的高效率组合方法对球状胶体-哑铃状胶体共混体系进行系统性的研究，确立完整的非晶态相图，重点关注一系列具有新颖三步动力学弛豫行为的非晶固态，并探索利用具有核-壳结构的温敏性微凝胶颗粒实现温控多固态智能材料的设计方案。预计研究结果将加深对胶体形状、组分和相互作用在非晶物理现象中协同效应的理解，为新型胶体材料的发展提供有益的见解。

Non-crystalline soft matter materials constructed by polymeric colloids attract wide attention in recent fundamental science (such as glass transition phenomena) and applied science (such as self-healing materials based on colloidal gels) research. Current chemical synthesis and fabrication techniques have enabled flexible control of shape, composition and interparticle interactions of polymeric colloids, however, how to effectively introduce the three physical factors into a single colloidal system to realize diverse non-crystalline liquid-solid and solid-solid transitions as well as construct non-crystalline solid materials that exhibit novel dynamic behaviors, remains elusive due to a lack of rational guide. This project proposes to combine the nonlinear Langevin equation theory and computer simulation into a highly efficient combinatory method to systematically study a mixture system composed of spherical and dumbbell-shaped polymeric colloids. We will determine complete non-crystalline phase diagrams and focus on a series of novel non-crystalline solids that exhibit three-step dynamical relaxation. We will also explore a scheme of using thermosensitive core-shell microgel particles to construct temperature-controlled multi-state smart materials. Our research results should deepen the understanding of colloidal shape-composition-interaction collective effect in non-crystalline physical behaviors and provide useful insights to the development of novel colloidal materials.