宫内发育迟缓（IUGR）在人与多胎动物普遍存在，可导致能量代谢紊乱和脂肪过度沉积，严重影响动物肉质及健康，但其作用机制尚不清楚，适合有效的调控措施十分缺乏。肠道微生物可能是引起IUGR猪能量代谢紊乱，导致脂肪过度沉积的一个重要因素，但尚未见对IUGR猪肠道微生物的系统研究。该项目首先通过高通量测序及代谢组学系统研究IUGR猪肠道微生物菌群多样性及其代谢物的变化规律，揭示肠道微生物对IUGR猪能量代谢和脂肪沉积的作用。再以纳米氧化锌为新的营养调控方式，明确纳米氧化锌调控IUGR猪肠道微生物，改善能量代谢程序化的效果；结合生物信息学，代谢组学和脂组学分析其潜在作用途径。再通过深入研究肠道微生物潜在的作用位点，阐释纳米氧化锌对IUGR猪能量代谢和脂肪沉积的调控机制，从而确定新营养调控靶点，改善肉品质，保障动物健康，促进养猪业发展。

Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) with a high incidence in both human and polyembryony animals can lead to energy metabolic disorders and excess fat deposition that further affect meat quality and animal health, of which the related mechanism remains unknown and effective nutritional interventions are scare.Gut microbiota could be an important factor that causes energy metabolic disorders and excess fat deposition in IUGR pigs, however, the systematic studies on the gut microbiota in IUGR pigs have not been reported. Therefore, gut diversity and microbial metabolites will be systematically investigated via high-throughout sequencing technology and microbial metabolomics in this project and roles of gut microbiota in energy metabolism and fat deposion of IUGR pigs will be analyzed. After that, zinc oxide nanoparticle (nano-ZnO) will be adopted as a novel strategy of nutritional regulation to alleviate the IUGR-induced energy metabolic disorders and excess fat deposition, of which possible signal pathways will be obtained via bioinformatics, metabonomics and lipidomics analysis. Then,the potential targets of gut microbita following nano-ZnOs intervention will be studied to shed further light on the molecular mechanism underlying the regulatory roles of nano-ZnOs in energy mebabolism and fat deposition of IUGR pigs. This project will help us confirm new targets of nutritional regulation to improve meat quality and healthy status of pigs, promoting the sustainable development of swine production in our country.