随着城市人口流动日益增多，呼吸道感染相关病原传播加速，严重急性呼吸道感染病因越来越复杂化，未知病原感染病例日益增多。其中新发病毒的频繁出现，动物病毒的跨物种传播和细菌耐药性的不断增强使得传统的微生物检测方法及结果分析面临巨大挑战。而近年来随着高通量测序在临床上的迅速应用，使得临床病人未知病原检测、分析成为可能。申请人前期成功建立了呼吸道样品深度测序平台并阐明了北京市严重急性呼吸道感染儿童的病毒群落特征。在此基础上课题组将继续采集华南地区不明原因严重急性呼吸道感染病例呼吸道样品，分析其呼吸道微生物组学特征，主要包括病毒、细菌和真菌的种类、亚型、变异，以及可能出现的未知病原鉴定，了解华南地区未知病原呼吸道感染的主要病群体。

With the acceleration of urbanization, the floating population is increasing rapidly and infectious respiratory diseases are spreading around the world faster than ever. In recent years there was a marked increase in cases suspecting of being infected by unknown pathogen in hospital. Emerging infectious diseases, zoonotic pathogens and drug-resistant bacteria are thought to be related to the unknown pathogen infection. The rapid development of high-throughput sequencing and its application in clinical make it possible to detect all the pathogenic microorganisms in respiratory tract once, including unknown pathogen. The applicant previously succeeded accomplishing virome analysis of respiratory samples from children with severe acute respiratory infection. Based on the preliminary study, we are planning to collect respiratory samples from inpatients with unknown pathogen infections in South China and make comprehensive microbiome analysis, including virus, bacteria and fungi. The purpose of this research was to understand the variation characteristics of unknown pathogen population of inpatients with severe acute respiratory infection.