无线传感器网络节点的能源问题是延长WSN应用寿命和降低成本的关键, 成为WSN研究的核心问题之一。随着低功耗集成电路的发展，芯片所需功耗越来越低，己降到μW至mW级水平。这使得实现传感器节点的自供电成为一种解决能量问题的可行途径。收集环境能量为节点补给电能，可有效改善仅有电池供电的WSN能源受限状况，提高WSN性能。为实现传感器节点的自供电，本项目以面向实时监测的WSN为应用目标，分别从能量采集和能量管理两方面对WSN节点自供电技术展开研究。针对适于WSN节点利用的电磁波能量采集方式，一方面以磁致伸缩/压电换能器为研究对象，利用等效电路法建立其理论模型，优化结构设计，研制高Q值、宽频带能量采集器。一方面根据采集环境能量补给节点的供能特点，研究能适时和高效利用补给能量并保持节能特点的能量管理策略。项目重点研究提高能量采集效率的方法和适应电磁波能补给特点并提升性能的能量管理策略，给出相关方案。

Solving the energy crisis is critical to prolonging the lifetime of wireless sensor network (WSN) and reducing the power consumption, which is a key issue in wireless sensor network. The development of low-power large scale integrated circuits has reduced the energy consumption of wireless sensor nodes to the level of μW-mW. Correspondingly it seems feasible to harvest ambient energy for self-powered WSN nodes. Harvesting ambient energy to replenish energy for WSN nodes can effectively improve the limited energy condition of WSN and then improve its performance.Aiming at making the best of the energy harvesting to slove the short-life issue of battery, the project focus on the application of real-time monitoring WSN, involoved with energy harvesting and management in WSN.On one hand, magnetostrictive/piezoelectric transducer is studied to convert electromagnetic wave energy into electrical energy for WSN nodes.The theoretical model is researched with the equivalent circuit method.High Q value and broadband energy harvester is designed and fabricated,and it is further optimized with the proposed analysis model.On the other hand,according to the characteristics of supplied ambient energy, highly efficient energy management strategy is studied to utilize the harvested energy timely and effectively, which involves with relevant advanced protocols and algorithms. This project focuses on how to improve energy harvesting and utilization efficiency with novel structure design and highly efficient energy management strategy depending on characteristics and variance of electromagnetic wave energy, and proposes the corresponding solutions.