群落构建机制是生态学研究的核心论题，而环境选择和扩散限制是群落构建的两个重要过程，目前关于群落构建机制的探讨主要集中在植物群落，而对微生物群落的关注较少。木腐真菌作为降解木材的微生物类群在森林生态系统中具有重要生态功能。我国森林类型多样，不同森林生态系统的植物、土壤、气候不同，其木腐真菌的物种多样性和群落构建机制是否也存在很大差异？为此，本研究拟依托在我国不同森林生态系统（温带、亚热带、热带）中建立的永久性监测大样地进行木腐真菌调查，以宏观形态和ITS序列进行物种鉴定；对倒木木屑进行DNA提取，运用高通量测序技术研究倒木中木腐真菌多样性；对木腐真菌物种多样性与倒木特征、气候等因子进行相关性分析，阐明不同森林生态系统中木腐真菌物种组成和群落构建的差异；通过对比分析差异的形成原因，揭示不同森林生态系统中木腐真菌群落构建机制。本研究将为深入研究微生物在森林生态系统中的生态功能提供理论依据。

Community assembly has long been the central interest of ecologists. Habitat filtering and dispersal limiting are the key ecological processes involved in community assembly. At present, the studying about community assembly is mainly focus on the botanical community while fewer on the microbial community. As the important microbial group, wood-decaying fungi are the key components of forest ecosystem due to their ability of wood degrading and promoting the nutrient cycling of the forest ecosystem. In China, there are various forest types. For the difference of trees, soils and climate in different forest ecosystems, we guess there must be the variation with species diversity and community assembly of wood-decaying fungi. To verify this assumption, a series of studying will be carried out, including the wood-decaying fungal species and the relevant environmental factors (including the characters of fallen wood, geographical conditions and climate factors) investigation with ten durable monitoring big plots across 10 different forest types of temperate zone, subtropical zone and tropical zone in China. The fungi identification will carried out by their morphology and ITS sequence. The high-throughput sequencing will be used to detect the fungal biodiversity in the fallen wood. The relevant analysis between fungal diversity and the environmental factors, including wood character and climate.The discrepancy of species composition and community assembly of wood-decaying fungi will be found in different forest ecosystems. After analyzing the causes of discrepancy, the mechanism of wood-decaying fungal community assembly in China will be revealed. These studies will help to find the ecological function of microbe in forest ecosystems.