开放经济条件下，外部加强知识产权保护的压力和内部利益集团的诉求使得发展中国家出现名义知识产权保护趋同，而实际知识产权保护不均质的现象。已有文献大多是从名义知识产权保护测度指标出发，研究其对发展中国家的影响，得出了似是而非甚至是完全相反的结论。本项目首先研究发展中国家"名义知识产权保护趋同，实际知识产权保护不均质"现象产生的机理，然后在控制知识产权保护水平测度误差和模型内生性的基础上，利用世界经济论坛（WEF）发布的实际知识产权保护指标，从三个方面实证分析实际知识产权保护水平对发展中国家的影响：其一，研究实际知识产权保护对贸易广度边际、贸易价格边际、贸易数量边际的影响；其二，研究实际知识产权保护对外商直接投资的影响；其三，研究实际知识产权保护对研究开发模式的影响。通过本项目的研究，意在明晰强化知识产权保护对发展中国家究竟是利还是害的争论，为发展中国家制定知识产权政策时提供决策参考。

In open economy system, the pressure of externally strong IPR protection and the internal interests appeal results in that Nominal IPR protection is homogeneous but Real IPR protection is not in the developing countries .Based on the point of the Nominal IPR protection measures,most of the available literature studies its impact on developing countries , and then come to the wrong or even completely opposite conclusions.The project primarily studies the mechanism of a phenomenon that "Nominal IPR protection is homogeneous but Real IPR protection is not" in the developing countries, then,on the basis of controlled IPR protection level measure error and model homogeneity, the project which uses the Real IPR protection indicators released by the World Economic Forum (WEF) analyzes by empirical analysis methods the impact of the Real IPR protection on the developing countries from three aspects; Firstly, studies the impact of the Real IPR protection on the extensive margin,margin of trade price and margin of trade quantity; secondly, studies the impact of the Real IPR protection on FDI; thirdly , studies the impact of the Real IPR protection on R & D model.This project intends to clarify and strengthen the debate whether IPR protection is benefit or harm for developing countries, and provides reference for developing countries when they make the IPR policy.