中药知母降糖的肠道菌群机制及活性成分研究

中药临床疗效明确，但许多中药成分口服生物利用度低，吸收很少甚至不吸收的中药如何发挥作用，一直是困扰人们的一个科学问题。知母为中医临床最常用的降糖药味之一，药理研究证明其具降糖活性，而且似乎其皂苷、黄酮、多糖均有活性。我们提出“知母通过肠道菌群调节发挥降糖作用”的假说。本课题利用糖尿病模型大鼠观察知母降糖药理活性，同时研究知母对肠道菌群组成及多样性的影响，分离和培养糖尿病相关菌株，证实知母主要成分及其代谢产物对相关菌株的促进或抑制作用，并探索调节菌株生长的分子机理，从而阐明知母降糖的肠道菌群调节机制及有效成分，为理解低生物利用度中药的有效性提供一个新的视角，也为以肠道菌群为靶点的新型糖尿病药物的研发奠定基础。

The clinical efficacy of traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) is clear, but the oral bioavailability of many Chinese herbs and their components are poor. It is a scientific problem how to play the efficacy of the Chinese herbs with low oral bioavailability. Anemarrhena Rhizoma is one of the most common hypoglycemic in TCM. Pharmacological studies have shown that it has anti-diabetic activity, and it seems that steroidal saponins, flavonoids and polysaccharides from Anemarrhena asphodefoides all have this kinds of activities. We present the hypothesis that " Anemarrhena Rhizoma can play an anti-diabetic effect through gut microflora". In this study, we observe the anti-diabetic activity of A. asphodefoides through the diabetic rats. At the same time, we investigate the change of the composition and diversity of gut microbiota which was affected by A. asphodefoides. We isolate and culture bacterial strains which are in connection with diabetic to confirm the facilitation and inhibition of the bacterial strain by the main components or metabolites of A. asphodefoides. And to explore the molecular mechanism of regulation, so as to elucidate the anti-diabetic mechanism and active ingredients of A. asphodefoides based on gut microflora regulation. It is a new perspective to understand the effectiveness of low bioavailability of traditional Chinese medicine, and lay the foundation of the new type of anti-diabetic drugs research as the targets on gut microflora.