溶菌酶/碳纳米管组装杂化材料非共价相互作用机制研究

蛋白质与碳纳米管（CNTs）结合形成的杂化功能材料在医药、纳米科技、材料科学等领域有巨大的潜在应用前景。该杂化体系目前所面临的挑战是因为蛋白质的空间结构和CNTs的成分不易调控等问题使蛋白质与CNTs之间相互作用机制难以进行实验验证。本项目提出采用小分子盐诱导溶菌酶相转变组装吸附自制CNTs研究杂化材料相互作用机制的思路，改变蛋白质空间结构及组装氨基酸序列核心区域，在微观尺度上分析蛋白质组装体与CNTs的非共价相互作用机理。先以废聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯为碳源，通过醇解降解、高温碳化过程制得无金属性催化剂杂质的CNTs并阐明醇解-碳化机制；然后诱导溶菌酶发生相转变组装改变空间结构，通过分子间相互作用吸附CNTs制备杂化材料，分析相互作用力的种类和大小，阐明CNTs长径比、直径和溶菌酶空间结构对杂化材料中相互作用力协同调控机制，为可控制备高稳定性蛋白质/CNTs杂化材料提供理论基础。

Integrating carbon nanotubes with proteins to form novel hybrid functional assemblies hold great potential application in medical, nanotechnology and materials science areas. Currently, a huge challenge for the hybrids is short of comprehension about the structure, function and spatial orientation of proteins adsorbed on carbon nanotubes. Due to the hard control for the proteins dimensional structure and carbon nanotubes components, the interaction between proteins and carbon nanotubes is hard to study through experimental process. This project proposes an innovative design that by inducing lysozyme to assembly into phase-transited nanofilm to adsorb the prepared carbon nanotubes and analyzing the interaction mechanism of lysozyme/carbon nanotubes hybrids. It is expected that certain core region of amino acid sequence on lysozyme could be screened to control the dimension change of lysozyme. The non-covalent interaction will be analyzed in microscale. Waste polyethylene terephthalate will be used as carbon source firstly to prepare catalyst-free and small length-diameter ratio carbon nanotubes through alcoholysis-carbonization processes. Meanwhile, the alcoholysis-carbonization mechanisms will be studied to identify the reason for the generation of carbon nanotubes. Then, lysozyme phase transition is induced by low molecular weight salt to form assemblies with carbon nanotubes. The type and scale of interaction force between lysozyme and carbon nanotubes will be analyzed to illustrate the impact of length-diameter ratio, diameter of carbon nanotubes and dimensional structure of proteins on the interaction mechanism. This research could provide theoretical foundation and experiments guidance for the controllable preparation of stable proteins/carbon nanotubes hybrids.