在蜜蜂社会里，工蜂和雄蜂是对蜂群社会组织和种群繁衍具有重要贡献的两个级型。工蜂和雄蜂分别是二倍体和单倍体，二者在遗传上的差异决定了其生理发育和社会行为存在诸多不同。胚胎发育期是蜜蜂生命周期中的关键时期，成年蜂的各种器官雏形已在胚胎期形成。虽然在蛋白质组水平上对工蜂和雄蜂胚胎期发育的机理有了初步的认识，但对二者胚胎发育的磷酸化调控机理还尚未进行研究。本研究利用shotgun蛋白质组学研究的非标定量技术、IMAC（固相金属离子亲和色谱）磷酸化蛋白富集等技术以及生物信息学分析手段，对意大利蜜蜂工蜂和雄蜂的胚胎期磷酸化蛋白质组进行系统比较分析。以期（1）阐明工蜂和雄蜂胚胎不同发育时期磷酸化蛋白质组表达特点，解析其胚胎发育分子机理，找到调控胚胎发育的关键代谢通路和关键激酶；（2）阐明工蜂和雄蜂在磷酸化蛋白质组水平上胚胎发育机理的差异。这将为蜜蜂胚胎生物学和遗传改造提供理论依据和实践基础。

In honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) society, worker and drone bees make a great contribution to the social organization and survival of honeybee populations. Derived from complete genetic makeup, the worker (diploid) and drone (haploid) have evolved quite distinct development trajectory and social behaviors in the honeybee community. Embryogenesis is an important period during which the body plan of adult honeybee is formed. Although the molecular mechanism that drives the embryogenesis of worker and drone bee has been conducted by the proteomic approach, the regulation of phosphorylation in embryogenesis is still elusive. Towards this goal, the phosphoproteome of worker and drone will be analyzed and compared using shotgun proteomics, label-free quantitation, IMAC (Immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography) phosphoprotein enrichment and bioinformatics. The following issue will address: (1) characterization of the phosphoproteome during the embryogenesis of honeybee worker and drone, revealing the molecular mechanism of their embryogenesis and discovering the key metabolic pathways and proteins which play regulatory roles in embryonic development, respectively; (2) illuminating the mechanistic divergence of embryogenesis between worker and drone. The will potentially important for honeybee embryology and genetically manipulation in future.