小垫柳对青藏高原隆升导致的气候环境变化的适应机制

东喜马拉雅-横断山区是全球生物多样性热点地区之一，其丰富的生物多样性可能与青藏高原隆升导致的复杂多样的气候、生境和地形有关，即通过冰期提供避难所以及驱动物种形成而导致丰富的生物多样性。然而，迄今为止该地区丰富生物多样性的起源和演化机制仍然知之甚少。本项目拟在澄清分类学问题的基础上，采用高通量测序的方法，获取大量的DNA多态位点，对该地区特有的具有独特分布模式的小垫柳进行研究，综合分化时间、系统发育、谱系地理、群体遗传以及演化进程中受正选择的基因等多方面的证据，结合古植物、古地质、古气候资料探讨小垫柳对于青藏高原抬升造成的气候环境变化的适应性演化机制。本项目的开展可以为具有与小垫柳形式分布模式的物种的适应性演化提供参考，也可以为全面理解该地区丰富生物多样性的起源和演化奠定理论基础。

Eastern Himalaya-Hengduan Mountain is one of the global biodiversity hotspot, it’s high biodiversity might related with complex climate, habitat and terrian caused by uplift of Qinghai-Xizhang Plateau, i.e., this region provides shelter in ice age and trigger speciation and therefore lead to high biodiversity. Howerer, the origin and evolution of high biodiversity of this region remains poor understood. On the basis of elucidate taxonomical issues, this project attempts to use high-through DNA sequencing related methods, acquire adequate reliable SNPs, combine evidence from divergence time estimate, phylogeny, phylogeography and population genetics and positived selected genes, discussing mechanism of adaptive evolution of Salix brachista, an endemic species with distinct distribution pattern, in the text of paleobotany, paleogeography and paleoclimate. Implementation of this project could have reference value for evolution study of plant species with similar distribution pattern, and also useful for fully understanding the origin and evolution of biodiversity in eastern Himalaya-HengduanMountain.