骨科植入物面临的两大问题是骨整合不良和植入相关感染，致使愈合迟缓甚至植入失败，目前的解决方案大都局限于实现单一的抗菌性能或促成骨功能，鲜有将二者均纳入设计的考虑范畴。而免疫系统与骨骼系统共用多种细胞因子、受体、信号分子和转录因子，所以在研究任何治疗方案时必须将两者结合起来；我们前期研究表明巨噬细胞具有趋电性，并且电场刺激不仅能促进成骨性能，还能抑制细菌在材料表面的粘附。基于此，我们提出基于巨噬细胞的电响应特性，包括极化作用、吞噬作用和相关细胞因子的分泌等，利用电场刺激进行骨材料植入后的促成骨和抗感染的双重调控机制研究。我们还需进一步明确电场对巨噬细胞及巨噬细胞因子分泌的调节作用，电场和巨噬细胞因子对间充质干细胞的成骨调节作用，以及电场如何调控成骨与免疫响应之间的关系。本项目的顺利实施不仅可以为骨科植入物相关感染的治疗提供新的理论和方法，还可为电刺激疗法的临床施用提供实验依据。

Poor osseointegration and implant-related infections are two major problems in orthopedic surgery with severe consequences of delayed union and even implant failure. Currently, the solutions are mostly limited to a single function of antibacterial performance or promote osteogenesis, and rarely take both into the considerations. While the bone system and the immune system share an abundance of cytokines, receptor, signal molecules and transcription factors, so the concept of mutual dependency of the two systems must be considered when designing therapeutic strategies. Our previous studies have shown that macrophages have electrotaxis, and electric field stimulation can not only promote bone formation, but also inhibit the adhesion of bacteria on the material surface. Based on this, we propose that based on the electrical response of macrophages, including polarization, phagocytosis and secretion of related cytokines, explore that how does electric filed promoting osteogenesis and anti-infection after bone material implantation. We should further clarify the role of electric field in regulating the activization, polarization and macrophage cytokines secretion of macrophages, the role of electric field and macrophage cytokines in modulating osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cell, and the relationship between promoting osteogenesis and immune regulation. The successful implementation of this project not only provides new theories and methods for the treatment of orthopedic implant-related infections, but also provides experimental basis for the clinical application of electrical stimulation therapy.