土壤病原菌严重影响种子出苗，高活力种子抗病性较强，但抗病机理不清楚，推测细胞膜损伤轻且修复能力强是主要原因。本研究以GFP标记禾谷镰刀菌为病原菌，以Ca2+信号作为衡量种子响应病菌侵染能力的指标，将细胞质表达的Ca2+感应发光蛋白aequorin表达载体转化玉米，将转基因种子老化处理得到不同活力种子作为研究材料。首先通过研究病菌在不同活力种子浸出液中的生长情况，通过非损伤微测技术研究在菌液中吸胀干种子种胚的Ca2+内吸动态变化，通过活体成像系统研究病菌侵染后种胚细胞质内Ca2+的动态变化，明确不同活力种子细胞膜损伤及其修复能力对病菌侵染抗性的影响；通过抑制胞外Ca2+内流和外源施加Ca2+，探索Ca2+含量的增减对不同活力种子抗病菌侵染的影响；通过互作转录组技术研究病菌侵染不同活力种子后二者的相互作用。最终从生理学、细胞学和转录组学水平阐明高活力种子萌发期抗病菌侵染的机理。

Soil pathogens seriously affect seed emergence. The disease resistance of high-vigor seeds is strong, but the mechanism is unclear. The high-vigor seeds have the slighter damage of plasma membrane and stronger repair capacity during imbibition, which may be the main reasons we speculate. In this study, GFP-labeled Fusarium graminearum is used as pathogen, and Ca2+ signal as response indicator of seeds to pathogen infection. By transforming of cytoplasmic expression vector of Ca2+ induced luminescent protein aequorin, into maize we get the transgenic seeds, then we use the different vigor seeds which are obtained by aging treatment as plant materials. To illuminate the effect of cytomembrane damage and its repair capacity on resistance to pathogenic infection, the growth and reproduction of F. graminearum in leachate of different vigor seeds, Ca2+ influx using Non-invasive Micro-test Technology (NMT), and dynamic changes of Ca2+ in the cytoplasm using In Vivo Imaging System (IVIS) of dry seed embryos imbibed in F. graminearum solution are studied firstly. By inhibiting of extracellular Ca2+ influx and applying of exogenous Ca2+, the effects of the increase or decrease of Ca2+ content on the resistance of different vigor seeds to pathogen infection are explored. The interaction between different vigor seeds and F. graminearum after the infection is studied by Dual RNA-seq. Finally, the resistance mechanism of high-vigor seeds to pathogen infection is elucidated at physiology, cytology and transcriptomics levels.