大分子次膦酸铵阻燃固化环氧树脂的性能及阻燃机理研究

针对热固性环氧树脂存在易燃，且经过阻燃改性后力学性能不容易保持的问题，本项目基于反应型阻燃的思路，将阻燃与固化双重功能结合，设计合成大分子次膦酸铵阻燃固化剂，并通过其与环氧树脂发生交联固化反应，将阻燃元素引入到环氧树脂分子结构，制备反应型阻燃环氧树脂固化物材料。大分子次膦酸铵中的磷含量和活性氢含量具有可调控性，可通过调节大分子次膦酸铵中磷含量与活性氢含量的比例，实现环氧树脂固化物阻燃性能与力学性能兼顾；研究不同结构大分子次膦酸铵对环氧树脂固化性能、阻燃性能、热性能、机械性能和热烟释放等的影响，并总结其规律，从中获得综合性能最佳的大分子次膦酸铵阻燃环氧树脂体系；探索不同结构大分子次膦酸铵阻燃环氧树脂的机理，提出结构-性能-机理关系。本项目为反应型阻燃环氧树脂体系的设计和建立提供新的思路。

Due to the problems of thermosetting epoxy resin (EP), this project focuses on the improvement of flame retardance and mechanical property. Macromolecular ammonium phosphinates are designed and synthesized, and used to prepare inherent flame retardant EP through cross-linking reaction. The phosphorus/active-hydrogen ratios in the macromolecular ammonium phosphinates are able to be changed, so as to realize the balance of flame-retardance and mechanical property of EP. EP modified by macromolecular ammonium phosphinates with different structures will be systematically researched in terms of curing property, flame retardance, thermal property, mechanical property and heat/smoke release, respectively. The flame retardant mechanism will also be investigated. Based on the results, the relationship among structure, property and mechanism would be proposed, and the EP with best mechanical property and flame retardance is expected to be obtained. The project will provide a novel insight for designing and preparing reactive flame retardant EP system.