Fly THRU仿真内镜导航技术对门静脉癌栓的早期诊断

肝细胞癌严重威胁人类生命健康，发病率占全球恶性肿瘤第 5位,肿瘤相关死亡率第 3位，我国肝癌的发病率和死亡率则均占全球的 50%以上。肝癌易侵犯门静脉形成癌栓，病理检查中癌栓发生率可高达90%，一旦癌栓经门静脉造成肿瘤扩散则失去治愈机会，成为影响生存的最主要因素之一，是肝癌治疗中亟需解决的重大课题。癌栓若能在局限于区域肝段细小门脉分支内的早期阶段得到诊断并及时清除，有望阻止扩散，达到治愈，显著改善预后。检测门脉癌栓依赖于影像学技术，但现时各种手段均难以做到早期诊断。本项目拟借助最新的专用于探测腔道脉管的三维超声成像技术（Fly THRU仿真内镜技术），建立门脉癌栓的早期诊断方法，在动物实验的基础上进行前瞻性、大样本的临床验证研究。

Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common malignant tumor and the third cancer killer worldwide. The incidence and mortality rate of HCC in China account for over 50% in the world. Portal vein invasion is quite often in HCC, which are found in around 90% cases during pathological study. The presence of portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) and the extent of its growth are the most important factors resulting in the poor prognosis of HCC patients. Once obvious PVTT is found in the main branch of portal vein, only palliative treatment could be performed, and very poor prognosis will be expected for these patients. Early detection and characterization of PVTT are critically important for the decision making of treatment protocol and may result in preventing spread of tumor, cuarative treatment for the patient and better outcome. Imaging studies are the main modalities used in clinical work for diagnosis and stage of HCC patients. With regards to the efficiency in detection and characterization of PVTT, no modality is satisfied till now. We are going to evaluate the efficiency of a brand new "Fly THRU" virtual endoscopic navigation technique in detection and characterization of PVTT by animal study and a prospective large sample clinical study, in order to establish an useful method in early diagnosis of PVTT.