超导纳米线单光子探测器的辐照效应

超导纳米线单光子探测器（SNSPD）具有探测效率高、暗计数低、探测速度快、响应光谱宽等优点，在量子信息、光通信、激光雷达等领域发挥着重要作用。近年来，空间量子保密通信、深空光通信及空间天文观测等前沿科学的快速发展，对于能满足空间应用的SNSPD提出了迫切的应用需求。然而，目前几乎所有SNSPD的研究都是针对地面应用开展的，其在空间辐照条件下的研究，基本是空白。而且，探索离子辐照增强SNPSD探测性能的研究也鲜有报道。所以，开展SNSPD的辐照效应及其机理研究具有重要的科学价值和应用前景。申请人拟从辐照改性、辐照损伤两个角度出发，利用离子注入、高能粒子辐照等手段，进行SNSPD的辐照效应研究。本项目旨在阐明辐照对SNSPD性能的调控机理，实现超导器件性能的可调可控，为SNSPD探测机制等研究提供一种新方法；同时，阐明高能辐照下SNSPD的损伤机制，为SNSPD的空间应用提供必要的数据参考。

Superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD) featured with high detection efficiency, low dark count rate, fast detection speed and broadband sensitivity, has played a significant role in many applications, such as the quantum information, optical communication, and light detection and ranging (LIDAR). In recent years, the rapid development in the space-based applications, including ground-to-space quantum communication, deep space optical communication, and space astronomical observation, have offered unique opportunities and challenges to the high performance SNSPD that can operated in space. However, almost all SNSPD studies to date are currently carried out for the ground-based applications, and the detection performance of SNSPD exposed to space irradiation environment has rarely been investigated. Moreover, the feasibility that enhancement of detection performance of SNPSD via irradiation has also rarely been reported. Therefore, a study on the irradiation effects and its mechanism in SNSPD would make valuable contributions to science and provide promising application prospects. From the perspectives of irradiation modification and irradiation-induced damage, the applicant proposes a project to study the irradiation effects in SNSPD, by means of ion implantation and high-energy particle irradiation. This project aims to clarify the mechanism of irradiation modification on SNSPD, enhance the SNSPD performance, and also provide a new method for the study of the detection mechanism of the detector. Meanwhile, this project also anticipates to understand the damage mechanism of SNSPD under high-energy irradiation and supply useful data for the future space-based SNSPD applications.