厌氧甲烷氧化（AOM）是碳生物地球化学循环中非常重要的一环，铁形态转化与AOM过程的碳、氮、硫密切相关，是影响AOM的重要因素。本项目拟结合宏基因组、宏转录组，宏蛋白质组学技术和同位素示踪方法，以Fe形态转化为切入点，开展填埋覆土中NO3-/NO2-、SO42-、Fe(III)共驱动的AOM行为及微生物机理研究。通过比较不同形态Fe(III)分别组合NO3-、NO2-、SO42-耦合AOM的特性，筛选促进AOM性能的最佳Fe(III)化合物；通过NO3-/NO2-、SO42-、Fe(III)共驱动AOM的物质转化分析，从网络水平探明AOM的物质转化响应过程；比较不同电子受体体系中AOM微生物的功能基因、基因表达、代谢网络的差异，研究功能微生物群落结构变化，从分子网络水平探明AOM的微生物作用机理。项目成果将丰富碳、氮、硫、铁生物地球化学循环的信息，为开发AOM生物工程技术提供新思路。

Anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) is a very important process of carbon biogeochemical cycle. Due to the possibility of iron reacting with nitrogen and sulfur compounds, form transformation of iron is closely related with biogeochemical cycles of nitrogen and sulfur, and thence strongly impacts AOM driven by muti-electron acceptors. Considering transformation of Fe(III) to Fe(II) as key point, the project will investigate the behavior and microbial mechanism of AOM driven by collective reduction of NO3-/NO2-, SO42- and Fe(III) in landfill cover soil, by using the combination methods of metagenomics, meta-transcriptomics, meta-proteomics and isotopic tracing technique. The project will screen out optimal Fe(III) complex that could accelerate AOM by comparing the characteristics among AOMs driven by different Fe(III) complex combining with NO3-, NO2- and SO42-, respectively; clear responsible behavior of AOM driven by multi-electron acceptors by analyzing materials transformation of AOM driven commonly by NO3-/NO2-, SO42-/Fe(III); illuminate the microbial mechanism of AOM by comparing the difference of functional gene, gene expression, metabolic pathway between microbial communities from different AOM systems. The results would supplement the information about biogeochemical processes of element C，N，S and Fe, enlighten the development of novel bio-technique that could control methane emission.