种子含油量是油菜最重要的农艺性状之一, 提高含油量也是油菜育种的主要目标。虽然细胞核基因组在油脂合成与调控中发挥重要角色,有大量研究也表明细胞质基因组效应对含油量油脂积累具有重要作用。本研究团队前期鉴定出线粒体编码的一个基因ORF188与含油量细胞质效应极显著相关。尽管目前有一些研究进展，但是细胞质基因组控制含油量的诸多基因及其作用机制仍然未知。本课题拟筛选出具有不同含油量细胞质效应的油菜品系，针对这些品系分别进行细胞质基因组的de novo测序，结合运用细胞质比较基因组学、比较转录组学和群体遗传学技术手段鉴定含油量细胞质效应功能基因；同时,开展分子生物学研究阐明这些基因（包括ORF188）调控种子油脂积累的分子机理和作用途径。研究结果将丰富含油量母体调控理论，为油菜高含油量育种提供新的科学指导。

Seed oil content is one of the most important agronomic traits in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Thus, high-oil cultivars are the key target for breeding. Nuclear genome has been demonstrated having a crucial role in lipid synthesis and regulation. However, numerous studies suggested that cytoplasmic genomes could also play critical parts in oil accumulation. Preliminary work in our research group has identified a mitochondrial-encoded gene ORF188 that is positively and very significantly correlated with cytoplasmic effects on oil content. Despite we have obtained some data for ORF188 function, genes governing oil content in cytoplasmic genomes and their regulatory mechanisms are still mysterious. In this project,we aim to screening for rapeseed cultivars with different cytoplasmic effects on oil content,to identify novel genes in cytoplasmic genomes controlling oil accumulation viade novo sequencing, with combinational technologies of comparative genomics, comparative transcriptomics and population genetics.Furthermore, by functional characterizations of the molecular mechanisms of these genes including ORF188 in the regulation of seed lipid accumulation and pathways in which they involved, our research work would enrich theory on maternal control of oil content and provide new scientific guidance for breeding of high-oil rapeseed cultivars.