基于功能化Ni6MnO8@C60纳米探针和无酶核酸信号放大的癌症血清标志物检测新方法研究

癌症一直是严重威胁人类生命的重大疾病，癌症血清标志物的检测对于癌症的早期诊断和预后评估具有重要价值。传统的免疫分析法存在灵敏度低、特异性弱、假阳性率高等缺陷，难以达到临床检验的理想要求。电化学适体传感器具有简便快速、灵敏度高、选择性好等优点，是问题解决的有力途径。因此，本项目拟以肺癌、肝癌、乳腺癌等常见癌症的相关血清标志物为研究对象，以核酸适体作为识别元件，通过合理设计探针序列，将信号转换与生物纳米放大技术有机结合，构建新型的电化学适体传感检测体系：首次设计合成Ni6MnO8@C60纳米探针用于电化学响应信号的产生和放大，提高检测灵敏度；利用无酶核酸信号放大策略，提高目标物的识别效率；制备功能化纳米氧化锌复合材料的生物传感界面，提高探针的固载效率，从而建立一种敏感特异、高效通用的癌症标志物检测新方法，为癌症的早期诊断提供创新性的技术平台。

Cancer has always been a critical illness that seriously threatens human life. The detection of cancer serological biomarkers is of great value for the early diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of cancer. However, the traditional immunoassay has some defects, such as low sensitivity, weak specificity and high false-positive rate, which make it difficult to meet the ideal requirements of clinical testing. Electrochemical aptasensors have the advantages of simple operation, high sensitivit and good selectivity, which is a powerful way to solve the problems. Therefore, this project plans to take the serum biomarkers of common cancers (lung cancer, liver cancer and breast cancer) as the research objects and aptamers as the recognition elements. By organically combining the signal conversion with biological and nano amplification technologies through the reasonable design of probes sequences, a new universal electrochemical aptamer-based sensing system will be established. First of all, Ni6MnO8@C60 nanoprobe is first designed and synthesized for the generation and amplification of electrochemical response signal, which can improve the detection sensitivity. In addition, non-enzyme nucleic acid signal amplification strategy is applied to improve the recognition efficiency of target. Moreover, functionalized zinc oxide nanocomposite is prepared and used as the sensing platform to improve the immobilization efficiency of the probe. Thereby, a new detection method with high sensitivity and specificity, good stability and rapid response, will be established for the detection of cancer serum biomarkers, which provides an innovative technology platform for the early diagnosis of cancer.