微-纳通道复合芯片以其高通量、低消耗（样本、检测试剂）、低污染、高集成的优势成为水中痕量重金属离子富集和检测的热门技术。然而微-纳富集是以高压电场为驱动力的电渗流技术，离子富集持续时间长，浓缩倍数有限。本研究从膜分离角度入手，以低/无能耗，易操作为目标集成了正渗透技术与微-纳富集技术于微流控芯片上，将正渗透作为一种前处理技术，从新型膜材料应用和汲取液开发的角度提高通量并缩短浓缩时间，以弥补微-纳系统电渗流浓缩持续时间长和离子富集倍率不足的缺点，实现离子富集前的快速预浓缩，大大提高微-纳系统中纳通道的离子捕捉效率。随后用新型正渗透-微纳复合芯片对水中Cd2+的富集效果进行检测，并通过数据反馈对系统进行进一步优化，力求突破常规微-纳富集技术在离子富集效率（时间、检测限等）上的限制，为新型检测技术的设计和样品前处理技术的发展提供指导，也为水中痕量物质检测技术的发展提供一个全新的视角与解决方案。

The micro-nano-channel composite chip can automatically perform mixing, separation, concentration, and dilution operations on a small amount of samples before detection, with its high throughput, low consumption (samples, detection reagents), low pollution, and high integration. And has become a popular technology for the enrichment and detection of trace heavy metal ions in water, and the detection accuracy can reach nmol. However, the micro-nano enrichment is an electroosmotic flow technology driven by a high-voltage electric field. The high field strength causes the electrolyte in the channel to generate Joule heat (self-heating), which causes the solution viscosity to increase, which affects the solute migration rate. The premise ion enrichment process takes tens of minutes or even hours, and increasing the voltage after the ion is enriched to a certain concentration cannot continue to increase the enrichment factor..Based on the above issues, we understand and understand the micro-nano ion enrichment system from the perspective of membrane separation. Is it possible to integrate the membrane concentration system with the micro-nano enrichment system to achieve the "1 + 1> 2" effect?.Forward osmosis (FO) is a new type of membrane separation technology developed in recent years with the osmotic pressure of draw fluid as the driving force. The development and effective use of new membrane materials and extraction fluids can increase the permeation flux and reduce the decay rate of the extraction potential (osmotic pressure), so that the positive osmosis process always maintains a higher extraction potential, and shortens the concentration time in disguise. Improved concentration efficiency. Using forward osmosis as a pretreatment technology can make up for the shortcomings of long duration of electroosmotic flow concentration and insufficient ion enrichment rate in the micro-nano system, realize rapid pre-concentration before ion enrichment, and then greatly improve the nano-nano system. The ion capture efficiency of the channel truly achieves the purpose of "1 + 1> 2". "1 + 1> 2" here means that not only the concentration effect is superimposed, but also the concentration time is shortened. Compared with the current popular pretreatment technology "electrophoresis", although the processing efficiency is high, it requires the driving of a high-voltage electric field, high energy consumption and tedious operation process, while forward osmosis has easy operation, low / no energy consumption, and sustainable use of the extraction liquid. Advantage..Throughout the development process of micro-nano chips for more than ten years, so far 90% of the chips have been used in the field of detection. In the detection of trace substances, many experts have carried out a series of studies on the improvement of the sensitivity of micro-nano chips from the identification substance (aptamer) development, signal enhancement and ion enrichment (concentration). The channel system has made outstanding contributions to the development of the detection field. However, the final enrichment results of related research based on the "sensitivity" improvement of the detection chip are difficult to balance the enrichment multiple (low detection limit) and the enrichment time (long duration)..From this we have formed the following research ideas by integrating forward osmosis technology and micro-nano enrichment technology, developing a new type of trace substance detection pretreatment technology, superimposing the concentration effect of forward osmosis and micro-nano channels, and shortening the concentration time, Improve its trace heavy metal ion enrichment efficiency. Strive to break through the limitations of conventional micro-nano enrichment technology on ion selective transport efficiency (time, detection limit, etc.), provide guidance for the design of new detection technology and the development of sample pre-treatment technology.