真菌是古老而庞大的物种。在已发现的10万余种真菌中，仅300余种可感染人类等温血动物。真菌的适宜生长温度在12-30℃之间，一般为25℃，病原菌多为耐热真菌或者二相型真菌，它们的共同特征是：具备在37℃或以上的较高温度下生长、繁殖的能力。因此，真菌的温度适应性在感染中是一个重要因素。温度适应性是在进化过程中环境变化与生物适应进化交互发展的结果，是微进化的表现，是一个复杂、多基因间相互作用的结果，但很多调控机制仍旧不明，需进行系统、深入的探讨。. 本项目以病原真菌烟曲霉及其近缘种为研究对象，建立转录组数据库，筛选温度适应性关键基因；从微进化的角度，利用比较基因组学、表观遗传学等研究手段，围绕与温度适应性相关的关键基因的种类、作用方式和调控途径等，分析其基因功能及表观遗传修饰作用，揭示真菌温度适应性的本质，探讨其与致病的关系。为真菌感染的防控、疫苗研发及药靶筛选等提

There are over 100,000 fungal species in nature, but only about 300 species could cause fungal infection in humans and other warm-blooded animals. In usually, the optimal temperature is from 12 C to 30 C for fungal growth, especially at 25 C. While most of pathogenic fungi are heat-resistant or diphasic fungi, they could grow at 37 C or a relatively higher temperature. Therefore, the thermotolerance is an important factor in fungal infection. It's the results of interaction between change of environment and biological adaptation in the evolutionary process. The thermotolerance is the performance of microevolution with a complex multiple-gene interactions, which needs systemtic study..In this study, we will establish the transcriptome database of Aspergillus fumigatus and its related species, screen the related key genes of thermotolerance. From a microevolutionary point of view, using the methods of comparative genomics and epigenetics, analyse related gene function and epigenetic modifications, characterized the essence of fungal thermotolerance, understanding the its relationship with the virulence. Our study will make great significance for the prevention of fungal infection, vaccine development and drug target screening.