零售商相互调货是应对供需不平衡的常见手段。大多数研究主要关注缺货发生后的紧急调货，已有的预防性调货研究通常假定需求预测是可靠的，大量的实践数据表明利用销售季初期的数据可以大幅度改善需求预测精度。基于销售季内需求预测更新的调货如何影响零售商采购决策与供应商定价决策？供应商应该鼓励还是禁止销售季中的调货行为？项目以销售季初期销售数据可以显著提高销售期需求预测为切入点，以单一制造商两零售商组成的供应链为研究对象，研究基于销售季内需求预测更新与调货的采购优化和博弈问题。项目分别考虑连锁零售行业与独立零售商、集中式管理与分散式管理、外生与内生调货价格、价格谈判与均衡调货价格、优势制造商与弱势制造商、双向调货与单向调货等多种情形下的零售商采购与调货优化问题以及供应链博弈与协调问题。项目从企业实践中的普遍困扰出发，提炼并研究其中的关键科学问题，研究成果将有助于丰富供应链管理的理论，也具有较高的现实意义。

Transshipment is often used by retailers to address the mismatch between supply and demand. Previous studies mainly focused on the emergency transshipment after demand realization, and studies on preventive transshipment before demand realization often assumed that the demand forecasts are reliable. A lot of industrial dataset showed that in-season demand forecasts are much more accurate than the demand forecasts made before the selling season. How does the transshipment based on in-season demand forecasting updating affect the retailers’ ordering decisions and the supplier’s pricing decisions? Should the supplier encourage or prohibit in-season transshipment? This project will consider a supply chain with one supplier and two retailers, and will study procurement optimization and gaming with in-season demand forecasting updating and transshipment. We will study different cases, including retail-chain retailers and independent retailers, centralized and decentralized decisions, exogenous and endogenous transshipment pricing, price negotiations and equilibrium price, dominant and disadvantage manufacturer, bidirectional and unidirectional transshipment, etc. The project will focus on cutting-edge research and hot topics in supply chain management, which has high theoretical and practical value.