长期以来，中国依靠劳动力低成本优势实现了出口“爆炸式”增长，而近年来的劳动力成本上升又拖累了中国出口增长。如何发挥劳动力市场制度的比较优势，提高专用性技能获取水平，促进劳动力成本优势向技能优势转变，是实现中国企业出口转型的关键。本项目以我国2008年《劳动合同法》实施加强劳动者就业保护为背景，在不完全契约下，将专用性技能获取与劳动者就业保护引致劳动者对企业剩余议价能力加强融入到异质性企业贸易理论（Melitz，2003；Ahn等，2011；Tang，2012），以企业生产率为突破点，构建一个含通用性技能与专用性技能的异质性企业贸易模型，从理论与经验两方面论证劳动者就业保护加强如何通过提升专用性技能获取程度而促进中国企业出口转型——出口企业从劳动力成本优势向劳动力技能优势转型、从低质向高质转变、从间接出口向直接出口转换，提炼中国企业出口新的比较优势，并指出劳动力市场制度的调整方向。

China has relied on low labor cost advantage to achieve the export "explosive" growth for a long time. However, rising labor costs burdened China’s export growth recently. The key of China’s export transformation is how to play the comparative advantage of labor market institutions, improve the level of specific skills, and promote the convert from labor costs advantage to skills advantage. Since 2008 China’s implementation of “Labor Contract Law” strengthening labor protection, with incomplete contract, specific skills acquisition and employment protection induced enlarged labor bargain power concerning firm surplus is deeply nested into the heterogonous firm trade theory (Melitz, 2003; Ahn, et al., 2011; Tang, 2012). This project will take a break through firm productivity, constructing a heterogeneous firm trade model including both general and specific skills. Data are from Chinese Industry Firm-level Database, theoretically and empirically demonstrates employment protection strengthen push China’s exporters transformation(including labor’s cost advantages to labor’s skills advantage, indirect to direct export, and low to high export product quality) through specific skills acquisition’s degree improvement. Then, this program may refine new comparative advantage of China’s firm export transformation, and conclude the adjustment direction of labor market institutions.