室外环境人体心理适应对热舒适的影响规律与预测

创造舒适健康的城市热环境，促进城市可持续发展，对于正迈入城市社会的中国显得尤为重要和紧迫。实现气候－城市（热环境）－人（热舒适）的和谐统一是达到这一目标的关键。从热舒适角度探索气候－城市－人之间的关系正是室外环境人体热舒适研究的本质，而如何准确评价与预测室外环境人体热舒适程度则是其中的核心问题。现有室外热环境评价模型虽已具备合理的热生理基础，但由于没有反映室外环境中人体心理适应对热舒适的重要影响，实际应用时仍存在显著偏差。因此准确评价室外环境人体热舒适还应充分考虑心理适应的作用,但相关研究很有限。为此本项目对室外环境中人体热舒适与心理适应之间的关系进行深入研究，获得关键心理适应因素对人体室外热舒适的影响规律，在此基础上建立定量反映其影响的预测模型（室外人体热舒适－心理适应关系模型）。研究结果将为准确评价不同室外环境人体的热舒适奠定理论基础，进而为营造舒适健康的城市热环境提供可靠的理论依据。

It is very important and urgent to creat comfortable and health urban thermal environments in China, for advancing the sustainable development of cities during the fast urbanization process. The key to this target is realizing the harmony in the relation between climate, city (thermal environment) and human (comfort). Therefore, it is of great importance to explore the relation between them (climate - city - human) from view of thermal comfort, which is the essence of the research on outdoor thermal comfort. As the core problem, how to evaluate and predict human thermal comfort in different outdoor thermal environments attracts great attention. The existing evaluation models of outdoor thermal environment, although possessing a reasonable thermal physiological basis, always lead to apparent deviation when used in actual environments. The most important reason is that these models can't reflect the significant influence of human psychological adaptation on thermal comfort in outdoor environments. Therefore, the influence of psychological adaptation should be fully considered in order to evaluate and predict outdoor thermal comfort accurately. However, the studies on the psychological adaptation are very limited. This project will make an intensive study on the relation between outdoor thermal comfort and psychological adaptation, and obtain the law of the influence of psychological adaptation on outdoor thermal comfort. Based on the results, a prediction model ("outdoor human thermal comfort - psychological adaptation model") will be established to quantificationally reflect the influence of psychological adaptation. This study will lay a theoretical foundation for the accurate evaluation on human thermal comfort in various outdoor environments, and then for creating a comfortable and health urban thermal environment.