血管壁内过量胆固醇蓄积是动脉粥样硬化（As）发生发展的关键环节。胆固醇逆向转运（RCT）是机体清除过多胆固醇唯一途径，为调脂抗As的关键机制。miR-33a通过靶向下调ABCA1/G1抑制RCT。前期研究发现基于“阳微阴弦”之“虚痰瘀”病机的熊氏十味温胆汤(XSWD)有调脂抗As作用，其机制不清。预实验显示XSWD降低THP-1细胞miR-33a水平，上调ABCA1/G1表达。因此，我们提出“XSWD通过调节miR-33a-ABCA1/G1通路促RCT而抗As”的科学假说。拟采用apoE-/-小鼠研究XSWD促RCT抗As作用；在此基础上用THP-1细胞模型，采用基因过表达和沉默技术，研究此方是否通过miR-33a-ABCA1/G1途径促细胞内RCT，从而抗As。预期本研究可从RCT角度为该方的应用提供实验依据，进一步验证和丰富胸痹心痛“阳微阴弦”病机内涵，为中医药防治As提供新思路。

Excessive deposited cholesterol on the vascular wall is the key factor in contribution to the development of arthrosclerosis (As). Reversal cholesterol transportation (RCT) is the single path to cholesterol efflux, which is the critical mechanism in regulation of cholesterol metabolism. Considerable evidence suggests that miR-33a and their target gene ABCA1/ABCG1 may contribute to the RCT. Our Studies have indicated Xiong’s shiwei wendan decoction (XSWD) can regulate the cholesterol metabolism and has an anti-arthrosclerosis function. XSWD is based on “Yang Wei Yin Xian” (Yang Qi Deficiency mixed with Yin fluid accumulated cause tight vessel/wiry pulse) clinical manifestation, corresponded to the pathology of Deficiency, Phlegm and Stasis in the traditional Chinese medical theory. It still remains unclear about the detail mechanism of how the XSWD works to anti-arthrosclerosis. Our previous study suggested that XSWD can downregulate the miR-33a level and upregulate the ABCA1/ABCG1 expression in THP-1 cells. So we hypothesized that XSWD might exert a direct effect on regulating the molecular pathway of miR-33a-ABCA1/G1 to achieve anti-Arthrosclerosis. Based on this hypothesis, in this study we will first survey the effect of XSWD on the triglyceride, cholesterol level, RCT level and evaluate the pathology condition of arthrosclerosis of apoE-/-mice model in vivo. Furthermore, we will investigat the ability of XSWD to activate cholesterol efflux and to affect miR-33a-ABCA1/G1 expression by using gene overexpression and siRNA silence technique on the THP-1 cellular model. This study will aim to investigate the mechanism of XSWD for anti-arthrosclerosis by the way of miR-33a-ABCA1/G1. And our study may further prove or provide more information about “Yang Wei Yin Xian” for Xiong Bi Syndrome (Chest Blockage Syndrome). The study might open a new research direction to better understand molecular mechanisms against arthrosclerosis of herbal and to find more potential product from Chinese herbal .