核盘菌侵染植物的光谱成像早期快速诊断机理和方法研究

广谱性病原真菌核盘菌能危害75科450多种植物，引起的菌核病严重危害着我国的油菜、大豆、向日葵和十字花科蔬菜的生产，造成巨大的经济损失。因此，菌核病的早期诊断与防治对保障经济作物产量与品质安全意义重大。本项目以模式植物拟南芥和经济作物油菜为例，采用共聚焦显微拉曼成像技术进行植物菌核病侵入期的细胞壁多糖组分和含量变化的检测来判断病菌入侵情况；应用高光谱成像技术，通过检测植物病理状态下叶片组织的抗氧化酶活力、pH值、叶绿素和水分分布等的改变来判断病菌的潜伏状态；探明菌核病侵染细胞壁变化和寄主抗氧化酶防御规律，建立细胞壁多糖和叶片组织抗氧化酶体系多指标的同步动态检测模型和化学成像诊断方法，并在油菜和拟南芥菌核病防治中加以验证，以实现菌核病的早期、快速和准确诊断。实现染病过程中宿主化学成分及生理活动变化的原位在体检测，还能为进一步揭示植物的抗菌核病防卫机制提供新的证据。

Broad-spectrumetiology fungi nuclear discomycetes could make demage to more than 450 plant varieties within 75 families, which can cause great product quantity and ecomonical lost to oilseed rape, soybean, sunflower and cruciferae plant. Therefore, the early diagnosis and prevention is meaningful for crop product quanlity and quantity. In this project, the arabidopsis and oilseed rape were applied for the experimental study. We detect the changes and component content of polysaccharide constituent of the cell wall by confocal Raman microscopy imaging technology during penetration stage; and study anti-oxidant enzyme activity, pH, chlorophyll and water distribution of leaf tissue by hyperspectral imaging technology during incubation stage. This project aims to explore the rules on the changes of polysaccharide constituent of the cell wall and enzyme enzyme activity, and to build the dynamic and multi-component simultaneous detection models and chemical imaging methods of polysaccharide constituent of the cell wall and anti-oxidant enzyme activity of leaf tissue. The performance will be confirmed in oilseed rape and arabidopsis disease diagnosis. Furthermore, the in situ detection methods will be developed for chemical constituents and physiological activity changes during penetration process, which would be helpful for the early, fast and accurate diagnosis of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. The project would be meaningful for uncover the defense mechanism of plant Sclerotinia sclerotiorum.