生产设备中危险物体对动作的抑制作用及调控因素

现有关于安全生产管理的研究多从考察影响行为安全的因素以及不安全行为与心理因素关系的角度进行。但个体行为直接受控于大脑认知加工，更有效地减少生产事故的方法应是从行为内源角度探讨可能引发生产事故的潜在不安全行为的认知加工过程。据此，结合课题组前期工作集中于探讨人类动作的抑制加工机制，本课题拟从认知心理学角度出发，采用动作启动范式模拟操作机器时的动作准备状态，以生产设备中常见的危险物体作为实验材料，利用实验心理学的研究方法，辅以脑电技术，探讨危险物体对个体动作的抑制作用及脑基础，以及动作准备时间与注意资源分配对抑制强度的调节作用。对上述问题的探讨，能为专向训练躲避危险的脑区提供理论基础；能为规范操作机器时适宜的动作速率提供参考；能为同时操作多个设备是否会增加事故发生率提供实验依据。从而，使得安全生产管理的研究上升至认知层面，呼应了全国安全生产会议时强调的“深化安全生产改革创新”的指导思想。

In the domain of safety production management, previous research mainly investigates the affective factors to behavior safety and the relationship between the unsafe behavior and the psychological factors. However, individual behavior is controlled by cognitive processing, and a more effective approach to reduce production accidents is to investigate cognitive processes of potential unsafe behavior, which may trigger production accidents, in the endogenous perspective. Accordingly, combined with our previous work has focused on exploring the cognitive processing mechanisms for the motor inhibition, the current project intends to start from the perspective of cognitive psychology, and adopts motor priming paradigm to imitate motor readiness status which is similar to the status of operating equipment. Familiar dangerous objects within the production equipment are used as experimental stimuli. Moreover, we utilize the experimental psychology combined with electroencephalograph method, to investigate motor inhibitory effect and neural basis triggered by the dangerous objects, and further to explore moderating effect to the inhibitory strength from the factors of motor preparation time and attentional resources. Exploring these issues could provide a theoretical basis for training the brain regions related to avoidance of the dangerous objects, and provide a reference for a suitable speed of action in operating equipment, and further provide an experimental basis for whether simultaneously operating a plurality of devices increase accident rates. Consequently, the project promotes the safety production management research to the cognitive level, and replies the guiding ideology "deepening reform and innovation of production safety" emphasized by the national meeting of safety production.