食品中展青霉素的污染是一个全球性问题，通过控制产毒菌合成展青霉素是从源头解决食品中展青霉素污染问题的关键，因此，真菌中展青霉素合成的调控机制已成为近年来的研究热点，其中分子调控机制的研究仍有一定局限性。本项目以水果中典型的展青霉素产生菌——扩展青霉为研究对象，利用高通量测序技术对高产毒和低产毒菌株进行全转录组分析，发掘扩展青霉的小RNA分子及mRNA表达谱，鉴定展青霉素合成相关的milRNA（microRNA-like RNA），并构建其共表达网络；采用Northern杂交方法对关键的milRNAs及其靶基因进行验证，并进行时空表达特性分析；通过短串联模拟靶标（STTM）技术沉默关键milRNA以验证其生物学功能。本项目综合运用了基因组学、分子生物学和生物信息学等研究方法，以期解析milRNA调控展青霉素合成的分子机制。

Contamination of patulin in food is a global problem, controlling the patulin production of toxigenic fungi is the key to solve the problem of patulin contamination in food from the source. Therefore, the regulation mechanism of patulin biosynthesis of fungi has become a research hotspot in recent years, therein, the studies on the molecular regulating mechanisms of patulin biosynthesis are still limited. In this program, the typical patulin-producing fungi in fruit—Penicillium expansum was used as the target strain. The whole transcriptome of high/low-patulin-producing strains were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing, the profiles of small RNAs and mRNAs were further explored, then the microRNA-like RNAs (milRNA) associated to patulin biosynthesis were identified and their co-expression network was further constructed. Northern blot was performed for validation of the key milRNAs and their target genes, then the expression patterns of the milRNAs and their targets genes under different time would be conducted by qRT-PCR. The key milRNAs would be silenced by STTM technology to verify their biological function. This project combined the techniques of genomics, molecular biology and bioinformatics to reveal the molecular regulating mechanisms of the milRNAs related to the patulin biosynthesis.