感染性腹泻目前仍是当前发展中国家面临的主要公共卫生问题之一，细菌、病毒、寄生虫是导致人类感染性腹泻的病原体。感染性腹泻的发生及其病原谱特征与当地卫生状况、经济社会发展水平、自然生态、居民生活生产方式等都存在了不同程度的关联。青海省位于我国西部青藏高原东北部，地形多样，海拔差异巨大，世居民族多样，民众生产生活兼具农业、畜牧业两种方式，具有独特的高原生态特点。研究拟在青海省具有不同海拔高度、生产生活方式的地区设立多基地调查，研究不同地区病原谱构成及其差异，运用流行病与卫生统计学、病原学与分子生物学，及地理信息学多学科交叉手段，阐释青海省所特有的海拔、生产生产方式、民族等因素对人群感染性腹泻的发生和病原谱构成的量化影响水平，这是国内甚至在国际上首次系统明确阐明以青海为代表的高原地区人群感染性腹泻影响因素，也为高原相对与其他不同人群进行感染性腹泻精准化预防提供确实的证据支持。

Infectious diarrheal, which caused by bacterial, virus and parasite, is still one of the main public health problems among developing countries. The occurrence and the etiological characteristics are associated with local sanitary conditions, the developmental levels of economy and society, natural ecology, the production and life mode of residents and etc. Qinghai province is located in western China and the northeast area of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It is typical characteristics of the plateau where are varied land, great elevation differences,multiple indigenousnationalities and farming and herding concomitantly. The project want to perform a multi-based research which the areas of different altitude and mode of production and life inclusively to survey the etiology of infectious diarrheal among these areas. And analyze the quantized impacts of altitude, mode of production and life, nationalities or other factors related to the occurrence and the etiological characteristics. It is the first to illuminate the risk factors of infectious diarrheal in plateau worldwidely, taking Qinghai as a typical example. The results of the project also could supply the concrete evidences to guide the control of infectious diarrheal in the plateau areas accurately.