流感病毒是一类可引起人呼吸道感染等疾病的易突变RNA病毒，对人类的健康造成重大威胁。该病毒在复制过程中不断积累的大量突变会导致抗原性改变，造成疫苗失效与人群中反复流行。因此，对流感病毒抗原性改变进行快速识别与监控，对流感病毒的防治尤为关键。本项目拟针对人群中传播最为广泛的甲型流感病毒，构建对甲型流感病毒各亚型通用的抗原性预测模型。本项目基于甲型流感病毒抗原蛋白血凝素序列及结构数据，结合血凝抑制实验数据，筛选抗原性关键突变位点。本项目拟从血凝素与宿主抗体相互识别的核心空间结构特征出发，整合血凝素蛋白空间区域保守性、氨基酸空间排布及局部微环境理化性质相似性特征，构建甲型流感病毒通用抗原性预测模型。本模型可对不同亚型甲型流感病毒进行抗原性关系的预测及聚类，分析抗原簇的传播与进化规律，并筛选有效广谱疫苗株。本模型的构建将对甲型流感病毒抗原性漂移起到及时的预警与监控，为流感病毒防治提供理论指导。

The influenza virus is a kind of antigenic variable RNA virus spreading globally, which may lead to respiratory infections and other severe illnesses in people and pose a big threat to human health. Due to the inability to proofread the mutations that occur in the replications of genes, the influenza virus is easy to accumulate mutations, which will lead to the change of antigenicity. This character of the influenza virus causes the failure of vaccines and recurrent infections in the population. Therefore, the rapid identification and surveillance of antigenic drift play an important role in the prevention of influenza virus. This study aims to build a universal antigenicity calculation model for the subtypes of the influenza virus A. Based on the sequence and conformational structure of hemagglutinin, the major antigen protein on the influenza virus, along with the results of hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) tests, this model screened the key mutation sites contributed to antigenic drift. The antigenicity prediction model will be constructed based on the descriptors of conservation of spatial structure, amino acid layout, along with the descriptors of physical-chemical properties for micro-environment around antigenic sites. This model could be used to predict the antigenic distance for all the available strains of influenza virus A, and the antigenic clusters could be generated to analyze the antigenic evolution, further, this model could select the broad-spectrum vaccine strains, which could provide wide antigenic protection. The established prediction model could propose the rapid detection of antigenic variants and provide instructions on the control and prevention of influenza virus A.