纳米药物粒子胞吞过程对纳米药物粒子蛋白冠尺寸选择性机制研究

纳米技术为治疗疾病提供了有效途径,利用纳米药物粒子靶向施药,是目前显著提高药效的途径之一,纳米药物粒子与靶细胞作用依赖于胞吞过程.实验表明,纳米粒子胞吞进入细胞,胞吞效率与球形纳米粒子直径或柱形纳米药物粒子的长度-直径比有关.同时,配体-受体尺寸对纳米药物粒子与生物膜的相互作用有显著影响,对纳米药物粒子与生物膜之间的生物粒子具有选择性，这些实验背后的物理机制尚待解决.鉴于此，在考虑配体-受体尺寸效应,排空效应,配体-受体相互作用,纳米药物粒子和生物膜弹性性质的基础上,建立表征纳米药物粒子胞吞过程的生物膜弹性理论模型,探究配体-受体尺寸效应与排空效应的竞争关系、球形纳米药物粒子最优尺寸的决定因素及柱形纳米药物粒子胞吞效率与其长度-直径比之间的确定关系,并确定柱形纳米药物粒子长度-直径比、配体-受体长度及柱形纳米药物粒子半径之间的相图，从而指导纳米药物粒子的设计.

Nanotechnology has provided an effective way for the treatment of diseases. By nanoparticle,drug can be transported to the target cell,which is one of the ways to significantly improve efficacy. The interaction between nanoparticles of drug and target cell depends endocytosis process. Experiments have shown that, for endocytosis of nano drug particle,its efficiency is determined by the optimal diameter of spherical nano drug particle or the aspect ratio of spherocylindical nano drug particle.At the same time, the length of lignad-receptor complex also has significant effects on the interaction between nano drug particle and biomembrane, and slectively controls the size of bioparticle between nanoparticles of drug and biomembrane. The physics hided in these experiments needs to be revolved. Based on the analysis of the experiments above and the elasticity theory of biomembrane,a model is set up, which includes the length of ligand-receptor,deplet -ion effects,the interaction beteween the ligand and receptor,the elasticity of nano drug particle and biomembrane.By this model,the competition beteween the length of ligand-receptor complex and depletion effects and the deterimining factors of the diameter and aspect ratio of nano drug particle during endocytosis can be detected, which will show highlights into the design of nano drug particle.