雌雄异株植物在不同种系间是独立进化的，其性别分化分子调控机制仅在少量具有XY型物种上研究的较为透彻。杨梅是壳斗目杨梅科杨梅属植物中唯一用于水果商业栽培的物种。大部分杨梅属植物为雌雄异株，前期通过比较杨梅雌、雄全基因组和BSA混池序列比较发现其性别决定遗传机制为ZW型，并在LG8的末梢有59Kb的非重组雌特异区域(FSR)。FSR包含大量转座子和7个候选基因，可能来源于同源区域的复制和重排，但性别分化关键基因尚不清楚。本研究通过结合雌、雄花芽发育关键时期的转录组分析对雌特异区域的基因及其同源基因进行不同组织的表达模式分析、不同物种间的进化分析、拟南芥和烟草过表达分析、基因之间的互作模式探索等方面研究杨梅性别分化的分子调控机理。同时检测该机制在杨梅属不同物种间的保守性。研究结果将有助于阐明杨梅雌雄花性别分化的分子机制，丰富ZW型性别决定机制的分子调控机理，为其他植物性别研究提供理论指导。

Dioecy, with the male and female flowers on distinct individuals, has evolved independently in multiple plant lineages, the sex determination and genes involved in this differential development only uncovered in a few species with XY chromosome. Morella rubra is the only edible fruit species in the genus Morella, family Myricaceae, order Fagles that is used for commercial cultivation. Most of species within Morella are dioecious. By whole genome comparison between the female and male and association analysis with sequences of bulked samples from female and male, the ZW sex determination of Morella were identified with a 59-Kb non-recombinant region located on distal end of pseudo-chromosome 8. FSR contains abundant transposable element and seven putative genes, which may likely derived from duplication and rearrangement of paralogous genes. However the key genes involved in the sex differentiation are still unknown. In this project, the genes of FSR and their homologous will be analyzed combine with transcriptome of female and male buds, level of gene expression will determined in different organs, evolutionary of key candidate genes and homologous between different species will investigated, and functional transgenic in Arabidopsis thaliana and Nicotiana tabacum and interaction pattern of key genes will be identified. The research will be helpful to clarify the he molecular mechanism of the sex determination in Morella rubra, which will enrich the theory of molecular mechanism of plant with ZW sex determination and provide theoretical basis for studying sex determination in other plants.