使用除草剂安全剂是解决除草剂药害最为直接有效的方法。申请人在上一个国家自科基金（No31371954）资助下，从花椒果实中发现了一类具有保护水稻幼苗免受酰胺类除草剂药害的物质—山椒素（sanshools）类化合物，其具有环境相容性好、结构新颖等优点，但存在提取成本高、田间用量大等缺点，需要进行结构优化。本项目拟用本课题组得到的高活性山椒素单体作为先导化合物，根据先导的结构特点，采用活性亚结构拼接、生物电子等排等方法进行目标化合物的合理优化设计；然后对设计的目标化合物采用绿色经济的最优路线进行合成并鉴定结构；再通过生物测定对目标化合物进行活性评价，筛选出高活性化合物，阐明构效关系并进行结构再优化；最后采用室内和田间试验相结合的方法对高活性化合物进行活性验证，以期获得高活性且对环境友好的除草剂安全剂候选化合物,旨在为开发具有自主知识产权的除草剂安全剂奠定实验基础。

Using herbicide safeners is the most direct and significant method to solve the pollution of herbicides. Sanshools which can protect rice seedlings from the injury of anilide herbicides were found from pepper fruits by the applicant at the support of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No31371954). Sanshools have a novel structure and good environmental compatibility but they are costly to extract and must be used in large dose in the field. Hence the structure of sanshools needs to be modified. In this project, highly active monomer obtained by our research group will be selected as a lead compound from sanshools. According to the structural characteristics of the lead compound, the optimal design of the target compound will be carried out by using such methods as active substructure splicing and biological electron. The designed target compounds will be synthesized by using the optimal synthetic route of green economy and their structure will be confirmed. The biological activity of the target compounds will be evaluated. The highly active compounds will be selected and optimized, while the structure-activity relationship will be discussed. The biological activity of high-activity compounds will be verified in laboratory and field experiments, so that some high-activity, environment-friendly candidates will be obtained. The purpose of this project is to provide experimental basis for the development of herbicide safeners with independent intellectual property rights.