中国的抗生素滥用问题不断提醒改善医生给药决策的重要性与迫切性。与此同时，不断深入的相关研究和广泛开展的政策措施与顽固不化的抗生素滥用现象之间的反差引发了我们对研究思路创新的思考。本课题试图从利他主义角度深入研究医生给药决策，在揭示中国医生滥用抗生素深层次原因的基础上，探寻减少抗生素滥用的有效手段。课题的第一步是通过审计实验建立真实医生滥用抗生素的实验证据。第二步，通过独裁者博弈实验，测量实证研究难以观察的医生利他行为。第三步，利用固定效应模型等计量方法，分析医生给药决策与利他主义之间的关系，明确医生滥用抗生素的原因。第四步，基于随机对照试验（RCT），开展一系列干预措施，以改善利他主义为突破口，试验改善医生给药决策的不同手段。最后，采用双重差分（DID）等方法评估干预效果，得出减少抗生素滥用的有效方案，从而为我国政府提供治理医生滥用抗生素的科学依据和政策建议。

The prevalence of antibiotic abuse in China has been stressing the necessity and importance of improving prescription decisions of doctors. At the same time, the sharp contrast between widely implemented policies and persistent antibiotic abuse has inspired us to consider alternative and new ideas. This project explores prescription decisions of doctors from the perspective of altruism. We not only reveal a novel explanation to why Chinese doctors abuse antibiotics, but also test different measures abating antibiotic abuse. First, we use the audit study to establish experimental evidence of antibiotic abuse by real doctors. Second, we use the dictator game to measure the altruism of doctors which is usually hidden in empirical data. Third, we empirically analyze and define the relationship between prescription decisions and altruism based on fixed effects models. Fourth, we conduct a series of interventions to improve the altruism of doctors using the randomized controlled trial (RCT) method. Finally, we use the difference-in-differences (DID) method to evaluate the impact of interventions and look for effective mechanisms to abate antibiotic abuse. This project provides scientific evidence and policy suggestions for the Chinese government who has been deeply concerned about tackling the problem of antibiotic abuse.