研究证明，奶牛能量代谢负平衡状态与机体免疫机能呈密切的负相关关系，能量负平衡引发免疫抑制，主要是通过能量负平衡指征性指标葡萄糖（Glu），非酯化脂肪酸（NEFA），β-羟丁酸（BHBA）和谷氨酰胺（Gln）等作用于先天性免疫和获得性免疫途径实现的。同时，已经证实奶牛乳汁中存在大量的免疫相关分子。但在奶牛能量负平衡状态下，乳汁中免疫相关分子的组成及数量特征是怎样的？乳汁免疫功能是增强还是减弱？是否存在一些免疫因子与能量代谢负平衡状态密切相关？这些问题还不清楚。因此，本项目运用同位素相对标记与绝对定量质谱 (iTRAQMS)技术和表面增强激光解吸离子化飞行时间质谱（SELDI-TOF-MS）技术，开展酮病奶牛乳汁免疫功能组学研究，揭示酮病时奶牛乳汁的免疫功能图谱、及产生机理，探寻与奶牛酮病密切相关的潜在乳汁早期预警标示物。为阐明奶牛酮病乳汁免疫特征及酮病早期预警技术奠定理论基础和实践依据。

There were negative correlation between negative energy balance (NEB) of dairy cows, characters with high blood ketone and high NEFA, with immune function which had been confirmed. That is NEB reduce immunosuppression because the factors of NEB, such as glucose, NEFA, BHBA and glutamine etc., influence the pathway of innate immunity and acquired immune. At the same time, it have been identified that there are a lots of molecular associated with immune function. But, under the conditions of NEB, how is it the composition and quantitative characteristics of molecular associated with immune function in dairy cows milk? Is it enhanced or decreased of immune function in milk? And are there some molecular associated immune which are closely related with condition of NEB? All of them are not clearly. However, this project studies the immune function proteomics of milk of ketotic cows, using the technologies of iTRAQ-MS and SELDI-TOF-MS. We want to confirm the immune proteins profile and potential pre-detective proteins associated with ketosis. We also want to discuss what and how did the milk changed? This project will valuable to clarify the relation ketosis and immune and prove new diagnosis method in milk.