轻度神经认知障碍是处于正常老化与痴呆之间的一种过渡阶段，转化为为阿尔茨海默病的风险很高。近年研究发现海马各亚结构具有不同功能，不同疾病过程影响不同亚结构，海马亚结构萎缩可能是早期发现轻度神经认知障碍的敏感指标。本课题组前期工作发现男性健康老年人存在教育年限与齿状回颗粒细胞层、海马CA2、CA3区及海马CA4区呈正相关，而女性健康老年人则不存在教育与海马亚结构的相关性。我们进一步提出随着增龄，不同性别的轻度神经认知障碍海马亚结构可能存在着不同变化特征的假设。我们拟用磁共振成像技术，对轻度神经认知障碍者的海马亚结构进行纵向研究，探索在不同老化阶段海马亚结构变化的性别差异特征。将对进一步深入理解轻度神经认知障碍形成的病因起到重要作用，同时亦为今后设计高效、精准的认知老化可塑性干预方法提供新思路。

Mild neurocognitive disorder (NCD) is a transitional phase between normal cognitive aging and dementia, and these older adults are at high risk of developing Alzheimer disease (AD). Recent research has found the hippocampus subfields with distinctive specialized functions, different disease processes affect subfields differently. Hippocampal subfields atrophy are useful indicator, and are sensitive enough for early detection mild neurocognitive disorder. Our previous studies showed significant positive correlations between education years and GC-DG、CA2/3、CA4 were observed in the healthy older men, but not significantly associated with any of hippocampus subfields in the healthy older women. Therefore, we further hypothesize that with age,there was gender differences in longitudinal changes of hippocampal subfields in mild.neurocognitive disorder.Longitudinal Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) was used to scan hippocampus subfields changes of mild neurocognitive disorder, and to explore gender difference in the alteration of hippocampus subfields at different aging stages. It plays an important role for better understand the cause of mild neurocognitive disorder and will provide new direction for novel high efficient.cognitive aging intervention.