人才是我国实施创新驱动发展战略的关键，但受限于数据与实证模型，目前对研发人员人力资本在创新中的作用仍缺乏系统认识和经验证据。基于手工搜集整理的中国企业专利以及专利发明人独特数据，本课题旨在识别发明人人力资本在创新中的相对作用。首先，我们创新性的引入前沿计量模型，科学的分离并比较了人力资本与组织资本在推动创新中的相对重要性；然后，利用发明人特征数据，我们研究发明人合作网络在创新中的作用；最后，我们利用外生事件冲击，研究发明人流动和劳动力市场高技能人才供给对企业创新的影响。本课题将人力资本研究从企业层面的平均效应拓展至发明人层面的个体效应，开拓了人力资本对企业创新影响的研究视角，为丰富人力资本对企业决策的作用机理提供实证证据，为企业人才管理和国家人才引进提供政策建议。

Talents play an important role in fulfilling innovation-driven economic growth in China. However, due to limitation of data and empirical method, the role of human capital in innovation is still unclear. Based on a unique dataset of patent inventors, this project aims to identify the casual effect of human capital on corporate innovation. By adopting novel empirical models, we first separate and compare the contribution of human capital and organizational capital in innovation. Then, we examine the effect of inventor network on innovation. Finally, we adopt the exogenous shock to study the impact of inventor mobility and labor market supply on innovation. Our work moves the research focus from firm level to inventor level, extends the traditional research angle, enriches the empirical evidence of human capital in corporate decisions, and provides policy implications about human capital management at the firm level and talents attraction at the country level.