2种寄主取食型寄生蜂的"取食vs.产卵"行为权衡及其生理机制研究

鉴于寄主取食型雌蜂以寄主为食的营养利用方式及生防应用潜力，项目以入侵斑潜蝇的寄生蜂－潜蝇姬小蜂和芙新姬小蜂为对象，围绕"雌蜂面临寄主时"取食vs产卵"的行为权衡及其生理机制"这一科学问题，在前期基础上，采用昆虫生理学、行为学、分子生物学等方法，1）首先探明影响雌蜂"取食vs产卵"行为权衡的外在因子（寄主可获得性等）和内在因子（抱卵量等）；2）并进一步从雌蜂产卵物质（如脂类、激素、固醇、卵黄蛋白等）和存活物质（能量物质－糖类）发生的生理水平，以及产卵物质（脂类）和能量物质（糖类）的吸收代谢相关基因转录组变化的分子水平，明确雌蜂的营养物质吸收利用能力，解析行为决策的内在生理机制。3）继续种间比较，解析雌蜂的行为权衡策略和营养分配策略与生活史分化（卵育型程度）的关系。最终在理论上丰富寄主取食型寄生蜂的行为进化理论，增强对雌蜂应对可变资源环境的适应和调控能力的理解，并在实践上为其田间应用提供指导。

In view that the nutrient resource utilization pattern of female wasps of host-feeding parasitoids with hosts tissue and/or hemolymph as food and their strong biological control potential, this project conduct studies on the important parasitoids of Liriomyza leafminers, i.e., Diglyphus isaea and Neochrysocharis formosa using the methods of experimental ecology, insect physiology, insect behavior etc, and focusing on the scientific problem "behaviour trade-off and preference shift of "host-feeding vs. oviposition" and its physiology mechanism". Firstly, the extrinsic environment impact factors (i.e., host and food availability, host quality, etc) and intrinsic impact factors (i.e., oogenesis/egg load, nutrient/ starvation status, etc) "host-feeding vs. oviposition" behaviour trade-off of female wasps of the two species is studied, respectively. Then, physiology mechanism of behaviour trade-off is studied, respectively. On one hand, based on nutrient physiology level, the nutrient content dynamics of egg-laying related (i.e., lipid, hormone, sterol, vitellin, etc) and lifetime related (i.e., various sugar) is determinated, respectively. On the other hand, based on molecular level of nutrient absorption and utilization, transcriptional changes associated with lack of lipid synthesis and sugar metabolism is identified in short- and long-term treatment. On this basis, the behaviour decision and life history traits of the two species are compared, and the relationship between behaviour decision with life history traits diversation (i.e., synovigenic differentiation/ovigey index, resource allocation strategies of capital vs. income nutrient and nutrient utilization efficiency) is established. The results and conclusions will eventually enrich the evolutionary significance of host-feeding behaviour in the behaviour ecology of parasitoids, clarify the strategies of life history differentiation through the resource allocation and utilization in pest control when several parasitoids coexist, and provide practical guidance (i.e., storage, release, coexistence control, etc) for pest biological control with host-feeding parasitoids.