早诊早治对改善癌症患者预后、提高生存率有重要作用，目前针对具体癌症的早筛和确诊手段丰富，但缺乏广谱肿瘤普筛技术，发展广谱肿瘤初筛技术意义重大。基于广谱肿瘤标志物与其糖配体识别结合的糖-金纳米探针技术为广谱肿瘤初筛提供了新思路，并有发展成为一类具有低成本、快速、简单有效等特点的新型诊断技术潜质。针对现有糖-金纳米探针普遍基于天然糖配体对靶蛋白低特异识别、低亲和结合，在复杂生理检测环境中灵敏度和特异性不够的关键问题，本项目将结合广谱肿瘤标志物Galectin-1的糖结合域口袋与糖配体识别结合作用原理，对糖配体进行结构定制修饰，进而将定制糖配体固定于金纳米粒表面构建糖-金纳米探针，进行血清Galectin-1检测肿瘤诊断研究，探索糖配体结构定制修饰对提高探针在复杂检测环境中的灵敏度、特异性等关键性能的作用机制，获得一类具有临床应用价值的肿瘤诊断金纳米探针，并依此研发出一类新型临床肿瘤初筛方法。

It is well recognized that early diagnosis and treatment of tumors can upgrades the prognosis and survival of cancer patients. There are abundant techniques for the early and confirmed diagnosis of specific cancers. However, diagnostics for broad-spectrum tumor screening are still lacking, hence should be further developed. The glyco-gold nanoprobe technology provides a potential broad-spectrum tumor screening approach by the specific binding interactions between universal tumor biomarkers and their glyco-ligands. The fascinating advantages of glyco-gold nanoprobes makes it worth being further studied and developed as a novel low-cost, fast and simple diagnostic technique. Unfortunately, the existing glyco-gold nanoprobes commonly subject to the weak binding interactions between glyco-ligands and target proteins, resulting in relatively low sensitivity and specificity when applied in complicated physiological and serological assays. Here in this study, based on the mechanism of binding interactions between the universal tumor biomarker Galectin-1 and its carbohydrate ligands, a further study is proposed where the ligands attached on gold nanoparticles are structurally tailored to improve the sensitivity and specificity of bioprobes. The probes are further subjected to the screening of cancer patients with high serum level of Galectin-1. By understanding the relationship of tailored carbohydrate ligands and its improvement to the sensitivity and specificity of bioprobes in complicated physiological environment, one or several novel clinical diagnostic gold nanoprobes with high sensitivity and specificity can be developed, as well as the new assay methods for clinical cancer screening.