帕金森病（PD）以其高发性和缺少有效的治疗方法而备受关注，而血脑屏障（BBB）在维护脑稳态的同时也成为大部分治疗药物及基因入脑的难以逾越的屏障，更是PD基因治疗的瓶颈。MRI引导下低频聚焦超声联合微泡可克服BBB实现静注药物或核酸类靶向治疗颅内疾病，但据我们所知，该项新技术尚未在PD中得到应用。另外活性氧簇（ROS）是黑质多巴胺能神经元选择性损伤的关键因素，也是PD的重要发病机制之一，而核转录因子Nrf2可激活抗氧化反应元件（ARE），参与PD的保护机制，因此是PD基因治疗的理想靶点。为克服BBB的限制，该研究将首次探讨MRI引导下的低频聚焦超声联合纳米微泡开放PD大鼠黑质BBB并转染Nrf2基因实现对PD的治疗作用，以寻找能突破BBB的高效、安全的新方法。

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a very common disorder which lacks efficient therapy and deserves attention. Blood-brain-barrier (BBB) protects the brain and in the meanwhile makes about 90% drugs and nucleotides unable to be delivered into the brain thus prohibits the development of gene therapy for PD. The MRI-guided focused ultrasound microbubble is competent for opening BBB and improves transfection efficiency, so it has been applied in some research of intracranial tumors, however it has not been reported in PD. Mechanisms for PD is still not well understood, among which reactive oxidative stress (ROS) plays an important role. Nrf2 is a nuclear factor which activates the antioxidant response element (ARE) pathway and is supposed to protect PD by the way of regulating redox status. The present study aims to deliver Nrf2 contained in nanomicrobubbles into the substantia nigra of PD rats by MRI-guided focused ultrasound, so as to explore the effect of opening BBB of the method, and to confirm the treatment of Nrf2 overexpression in PD.