微生物燃料电池（MFC）是一项兼有机废水或废弃物处理和能源回收的新技术，如何提高其功率输出是制约MFC进一步发展和放大应用的技术瓶颈。本课题以MFC中阳极微生物群体为对象，拟采用Genome Sequencer FLX测序技术深入分析宏基因组16S rRNA，获得详尽的微生物多样性和群落结构组成信息，阐明微生物种群结构与产电效能的相关性，提出高效产电微生物种群的结构模式和培养方法；利用Illumina Hiseq 2500平台对MFC阳极宏基因组进行解析，找出与电子胞外传递及产生的相关基因，从功能基因水平揭示微生物与电极作用机制；基于对微生物与电极作用新机制的新认识，从材料、反应器构型、运行条件优化等方面对MFC的产电性能进行强化。研究成果可为高效产电菌的定向筛选和高功率密度输出MFC的构建提供新坐标，同时也为MFC的放大应用奠定坚实的理论基础。

Microbial fuel cell is a new technology to combine both organic wastewater or waste treatment and energy recovery, however, how to increase the MFC power output becomes a bottleneck for its further development and application. With the anode microbial group in MFC as object, this study will perform an in-depth analysis of the metagenomics 16S rRNA using Genome Sequencer FLX sequencing technology to obtain the detailed microbial community structure and biodiversity information, to reveal the correlation between microbial population structure and electricity generation, and to put forward an effective electrogenesis microbe population structure mode and culture method. Besides, the MFC anode macro genome analysis will be conducted using Illumina Hiseq 2500 platform to find out the related gene undertaking extracellular electron transfer, thus to reveal the interactional mechanism of anode microbe and electrode from functional gene level. Based on the knoledge of the new interactional mechanism between microbe and electrode, electricity generation from MFC will be enhanced by optimizing material, reactor configuration, and operational conditions. The results obtained from this study will provide the new coordinates for the directional selection of efficient electrogenesis bacteria and construction of the high power-output MFC, and simultaneously to lay a solid theoretical foundation for promoting the amplifying application of MFC.