传统铂对电极的高成本、低储量促使寻求替代材料，而金属单原子催化剂具有原子利用率高、催化剂用量少、催化活性高、活性位点多等优点，是取代铂对电极的理想材料。本项目以高比表面积的海南椰壳活性炭为载体，通过载体掺杂的氮原子锚定金属前驱物，制备高负载量的单原子催化剂，研究单原子的分布、配位、电子状态等信息。通过构建活性炭基单原子、磁性添加物和导电磁性基底组成的磁性对电极，增加载体与磁性基底之间的粘附力，加快电解液离子和电子的传输。研究磁性对电极的过电位和界面电荷转移动力学过程，揭示磁性对电极催化机理、稳定性以及氧化还原反应过程中起关键催化作用的活性位。通过系统研究揭示载体的微结构、磁性添加物和单原子种类及含量与DSSC性能之间的关系，试图寻找合适的替代对电极，为发展高催化活性、低成本、性能稳定的新型对电极提供理论依据和实验基础。

The traditional Pt counter electrode is extremely rare and expensive, which promotes the search for alternative materials. The single-atom catalyst has many advantages of maximizing atom-utilization efficiency, reducing the amount of catalyst, high catalytic activity, and more active sites, etc., making it an ideal candidate to replace Pt counter electrode. In this project, hainan coconut shell activated carbon with high specific surface area is used as the carrier to prepare single-atom catalysts. The single-atoms are stabilized by a coordination effect with the nitrogen atoms of N-doped carbon supports. Furthermore, the information of the distribution, coordination and electronic status of single-atoms is detected. The magnetic counter electrode is prepared by loading single-atoms activated carbon, magnetic additive and magnetic substrate. The magnetic counter electrode can improve the adhesion between carrier and substrate, also quicken the transfer of electrolyte ions and electrons. Detailed investigation on the overpotential and electron transfer dynamics at the interfaces will be carried out. The catalytic mechanism, stability and active sites of magnetic counter electrode are revealed. The inherent relationships among the microstructure of carrier, magnetic additive, species and amounts of single-atom catalysts and the performance of DSSC are revealed, in an attempt to find a suitable substitute for the traditional Pt counter electrode. This project can provide theoretical and experimental guidance toward the development of new counter electrodes with high catalytic activity, low cost and stable performance.