抗菌药物不合理使用与细菌耐药性传播是我国公共卫生领域最为突出的问题之一。国际上常用抗菌药物导向策略（AMS,Antimicrobial Stewardship）构建医院抗菌药物管理的长效机制。大量研究证明专业化的AMS策略能有效降低抗菌药物不合理使用、遏制医疗成本和细菌耐药性的增长。我国目前以行政干预为核心控制医院不合理使用抗菌药物，但尚未建立长效管理机制，亟需提高管理的科学化、专业化水平。本项目以AMS策略为导向，综合评价现行医院抗菌药物管理模式，分析管理措施是否具有长期效果且降低了细菌耐药，将评价结果与国际AMS策略的核心要素进行比较；设计、开展基于AMS策略的管理干预准实验并评价实施效果，分析对医师抗菌药物知识、态度及其实际处方行为的影响。研究将提出适合我国国情和医疗卫生体制特点的AMS策略目标，尝试构建科学合理的医院抗菌药物管理模式，为完善抗菌药物管理政策提供有根据的实证依据。

Inappropriate usage of antibiotics and antimicrobial resistance have already become one of the public health problems in China. The international Antimicrobial Stewardship (AMS) is developed by the hospitals to establish long-term management mechanism. Numerous studies have demonstrated that AMS can effectively control inappropriate usage of antibiotics, curb the growth in medical cost and antimicrobial resistance. The Chinese health authority adopts administrative interference to promote rational usage of antibiotics. However, the long-term management mechanism has not been construted. It is urgent to improve the scientific and professional level of antimicrobial stewardship programs. Using the AMS-oriented strategy, this study aims to comprehensively evaluate the current Chinese hospital antimicrobial management model , analyze the long-term effects of intervention on antimicrobial use and resistance. It also will compare the results of evaluation to the core elements of international AMS. Furthermore, the management intervention quasi-experiment based on AMS-oriebted strategy will be designed, carried out and evaluated in this study. The impact of intervention experiment on the physicians’ knowledge, attitude and actual prescribing behavior will be evaluated. The AMS strategic goals which are suitable to national condition and medical systems will be proposed in this study. Meanwhile, this study attempts to construct hospital antimicrobial management model scientifically and reasonably and will provide the empirical evidence to perfect the China’s antimicrobial management policy.