表面增强拉曼散射（SERS）因其超高灵敏度、快速、痕量检测等优势是致病菌（细菌、病毒）快速检测的潜在有效手段，而制造稳定的、均匀的、可重现的SERS基底是实现致病菌痕量检测面临的关键基本问题。项目提出基于静电纺丝技术制造液态金属纳米颗粒复合纳米纤维的方法，构筑三维多孔结构的SERS基底，解决当前以金、银、铜等贵金属为SERS活性材料普遍存在的灵敏度与稳定性的矛盾、待测分子吸附限制、生物相容性等固有问题。开展液态金属-聚合物溶液流变行为规律研究，掌握异质材料电纺沉积规律与控制；研究被检测物与三维多孔纳米纤维表面等离子体振动规律，揭示SERS增强作用机制。以典型应用—大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的检测为应用牵引，评估和验证复合纳米纤维SERS基底的增强性能。突破复合纳米纤维高性能SERS基底制造关键技术，为液态金属-纳米纤维SERS基底的实际生活应用奠定理论基础，具有重要的学术意义和应用前景。

Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) technology is a potentially effective method for rapid detection of pathogenic bacteria (bacteria, viruses) due to its advantages such as ultra-high sensitivity, fast, and trace detection. However, the fabrication of stable, uniform, and reproducible high-performance SERS substrates is the key basic problem facing the trace detection of pathogenic bacteria. In the proposal, a method for manufacturing liquid metal gallium nanoparticle composite nanofibers based on electrospinning technology is provided to construct a three-dimensional porous SERS substrate, which can overcome the conventional natured problems in precious metals (such as gold, silver, and copper) as SERS active materials, such as the contradiction between sensitivity and stability, the adsorption limit of the test molecule, biocompatibility. The rheological behavior of liquid metal nanoparticles and polymer solutions are investigated, to master the rules and control strategies of electrospinning for heterogeneous materials. The interaction effects of the surface plasmon vibration of the test object and the three-dimensional porous nanofiber structure are studied to reveal the SERS enhancement mechanism. As a typical application, the E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus will be tested to verify the enhanced performance of composite nanofiber SERS substrates. The research will break through the key technology of manufacturing high performance SERS substrates of composite nanofibers, and lays a theoretical foundation for the practical application of liquid metal nanoparticle composite nanofiber SERS substrates, and definitely, has promising academic significance and potential for engineering applications.