摩擦起电可以将环境中低品质，耗散性能源转化为电能，目前，基于摩擦起电现象设计的摩擦发电机在能源、传感等领域具有重要的研究意义。由于摩擦起电的电荷生成量小、输出电流低，大功率输出电能还存在一定技术挑战。本课题针对摩擦发电机的输出功率问题，以水为研究对象，采用实验研究和理论分析相结合的研究方法，围绕摩擦起电过程中电荷生成分离规律及增强策略和摩擦起电的微观机制等关键科学问题展开研究。结合固相表面化学改性和纳米结构优化，强化水相流动模式，最终制备具有大功率输出的水相摩擦发电机，并提出液-固摩擦起电过程中电荷分离生成的微观机制。本项目研究成果可为基于液-固接触界面设计的摩擦发电机的输出功率问题提供普适方法及科学指导，具有较高的应用价值和理论意义。

Triboelectric generators could collect energy from environmental (e.g., rain, wind, human motion), which are useful in a wide variety of applications, including portable electronics, self-powered active sensor. However, the charge generated and the current output are quite low, triboelectric generator with high power output still have challenge. This study describes a method that harvests energy of water with a high power output by optimizing the solid surface and the pattern of water flow. The relationship between physicochemical property of surface and charge of water is found, the effect of nanostructures of solid surface on the charging process is discussed. Besides enhancing the power output, the fundamental mechanisms of charge separation at the liquid-solid interface is proposed. In general, this study provide a universal method for high power output and the fundamental mechanism for charge generation, which have important theoretical significance and application potential.