基于社会变迁研究思路，以汶川地震、云南姚安地震的农村灾区为研究样区，采用回溯性问卷和多次实名跟踪问卷的方法，调查农村居民在震后不同时间点的生产恢复、生活恢复程度，构建灾区"时间-恢复率"关系的恢复曲线模型，对震后长期恢复重建过程进行定量化表达。对比不同灾区的恢复曲线，辨识恢复过程的主要影响因素，阐释外界因素对恢复过程的正向/反向影响效应，为农村灾后恢复重建管理提供科学依据，提出具有时间阶段特点的灾后恢复重建最优模式。

Based on the research idea of social changes, this study takes the rural affected area of Wenchuan Earthquake and Yunnan Yao'an Earthquake as the sample area, adopts the retrospective questionnaire and the real-name following surveys repeatedly, and investigates the recovery levels of the rural residents' production and life at different times after earthquake. On the basis of the above, the study constructs the affected area "Time-Recovery Ratio" recovery curve model, and gets the quantified expressions of the post-earthquake long-term recovery and reconstruction process. Furthermore, the study explains the external factors' positive/reverse effect on recovery process through the comparison of different affected area's recovery curves and identification of main influence factors in recovery process, and thus provides the scientific basis for rural post-disaster recovery and reconstruction management and the optimal model for post-disaster recovery and reconstruction practice with the characteristic of time stages.