针对锗基电极材料在充放电过程中巨大的体积变化导致其锂电池性能难以提升的难题，拟开展介孔碳纤维复合纳米锗基电极材料的研制，利用其特殊结构(如介孔结构、壳核结构)的限域作用，以改善其电化学性能及稳定性。基于静电纺丝的技术，以木质素磺酸钠(LN)和聚丙烯腈(PAN)为前躯体制备具有高比表面积和合适孔径的介孔碳纤维，并作为纳米反应器用于合成新型纳米结构锗基复合电极材料。同时，研究影响锗基复合材料结构与表界面稳定性的关键因素，揭示这些材料在锂电池应用中热力学活性和动力学稳定性的协调作用及其与电化学性能之间的内在关系，为研制出高性能的介孔碳纤维纳米锗基复合电极材料提供理论基础。

Germanium-based electrode materials suffer large volume changes during charge-discharge process, resulting in dramatical capacity fading. To overcome this issue, several approaches have been considered, including the fabrication of mesoporous nanostructures and the coating carbon or other conductive agents on the surface of electrode materials. Therefore, it has becoming an important topic to enhance the structural and interfacial stability of germanium-based electrode materials during the Li+ insertion/extraction into/out of anode process. Using the mixture solution of sodium lignin sulfonate (LN) and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) as precursors, a series of mesoporous carbon fibers with appropriate pore sizes will be synthesized via an electrospinning route. Then, we will combine nanotechnology and composite methods to fabricate germanium-based nanocomposites with a high Li-ion storage capability using the mesoporous carbon fibers as a nano-reactor. In this study, it will be devoted to performing a systemic research on the mechanism for high dispersion of germanium-based nanostructure in mesoporous carbon fiber matrixs induced enhanced structural and interfacial stability with a long cycle lifetime. Simultaneously, various characterizations and electrochemical measurements will be performed to investigate the key factors for determining the structure and interface stability. The fundamental mechanisms will be explained by applying in-situ X-ray diffraction, electrochemical impedance spectra and so on. We wish this project can give rise to interesting and useful results to academic communities involved in the lithium ion batteries (LIBs), and a novel approach will be established to improve the long cycle lifetime of germanium-based electrode materials for LIBs by the utilization of mesoporous carbon fibers.