动物的学习记忆能力与海马神经细胞的再生密切相关，随年龄老化而下降，但新生神经元及成熟过程中表现出高度的可塑性，使脑可塑性得以终生独特进行。运动能刺激成体神经干细胞(NSC)增殖和分化，提高认知功能，BDNF是关键的作用分子。然而对采用何种运动能体现主动学习过程，满足不同年龄动物体能，达到促进认知水平的研究尚缺乏。为此，基于感知外界信息最高效的视觉途径，建立大鼠视觉刺激-反应-反馈集成的触屏式视知觉学习系统，观察不同训练方式对认知功能、NSC增殖和分化、BDNF-TrkB受体及调控分子CREB、CaMKII和Synapsin1表达的影响；分析这些参数间的相关性，从而明确最优化的学习训练方式、正性持续效应和耐受性；同时观察在BDNF作用被阻止情况下上述各指标变化，有助于阐明视知觉学习对NSC细胞命运和BDNF分子信号对脑认知的可塑性调控，为深化视觉脑认知的可塑性理论，保护和开发脑提供重要依据。

Learning and memory are closly related to the capability of hippocampal neurogenesis, which decline with normal aging in animals. The newborn neurons exhibited heightened synaptic plasticity during their maturation as a unique form of neural plasticity throughout life. Exercise could stimulate the neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation, enhance the function of learning and memory. BDNF is the key molecule during the process. Vision is the most direct and efficient route to get information from outside. However, It remains unknown which kind of visual training is suitable for all of the animals with different age to represent the real active learning process and improve brain cognition without exhausted energy. A touchscreen visual discriminative training system was established based on integration of stimulation-reaction-feedback for rats. Different training modes for rats were proposed to test the cognitive function. The proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells in hippocampus will be determined. BDNF, TrkB receptors and other important molecules CREB, CaMKII and Synapsin1 will also be examined. The correlation among these parameters will be analysed in order to select an optimized training, duration of effects and toleration. Blocking BDNF by pre administration of TrkB-IgG will be further exposed during exercise，all of the above parameters will be observed.This study will contribute to elucidate the visual cognition learning on cell fate of neural stem cell, the mechanism of brain cognition mediated by BDNF signaling and the strategy designed to explore and protect brain.